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2017-12-14Merge tag 'v4.9.68' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.68 stable release
2017-12-14Merge tag 'v4.9.67' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.67 stable release
2017-12-14zsmalloc: calling zs_map_object() from irq is a bugSergey Senozhatsky
[ Upstream commit 1aedcafbf32b3f232c159b14cd0d423fcfe2b861 ] Use BUG_ON(in_interrupt()) in zs_map_object(). This is not a new BUG_ON(), it's always been there, but was recently changed to VM_BUG_ON(). There are several problems there. First, we use use per-CPU mappings both in zsmalloc and in zram, and interrupt may easily corrupt those buffers. Second, and more importantly, we believe it's possible to start leaking sensitive information. Consider the following case: -> process P swap out zram per-cpu mapping CPU1 compress page A -> IRQ swap out zram per-cpu mapping CPU1 compress page B write page from per-cpu mapping CPU1 to zsmalloc pool iret -> process P write page from per-cpu mapping CPU1 to zsmalloc pool [*] return * so we store overwritten data that actually belongs to another page (task) and potentially contains sensitive data. And when process P will page fault it's going to read (swap in) that other task's data. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170929045140.4055-1-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-14thp: fix MADV_DONTNEED vs. numa balancing raceKirill A. Shutemov
commit ced108037c2aa542b3ed8b7afd1576064ad1362a upstream. In case prot_numa, we are under down_read(mmap_sem). It's critical to not clear pmd intermittently to avoid race with MADV_DONTNEED which is also under down_read(mmap_sem): CPU0: CPU1: change_huge_pmd(prot_numa=1) pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_notify() madvise_dontneed() zap_pmd_range() pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) == 0 (without ptl) // skip the pmd set_pmd_at(); // pmd is re-established The race makes MADV_DONTNEED miss the huge pmd and don't clear it which may break userspace. Found by code analysis, never saw triggered. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302151034.27829-3-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> [jwang: adjust context for 4.9 ] Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang@profitbricks.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-14thp: reduce indentation level in change_huge_pmd()Kirill A. Shutemov
commit 0a85e51d37645e9ce57e5e1a30859e07810ed07c upstream. Patch series "thp: fix few MADV_DONTNEED races" For MADV_DONTNEED to work properly with huge pages, it's critical to not clear pmd intermittently unless you hold down_write(mmap_sem). Otherwise MADV_DONTNEED can miss the THP which can lead to userspace breakage. See example of such race in commit message of patch 2/4. All these races are found by code inspection. I haven't seen them triggered. I don't think it's worth to apply them to stable@. This patch (of 4): Restructure code in preparation for a fix. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302151034.27829-2-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> [jwang: adjust context for 4.9] Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang@profitbricks.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-10 Merge tag 'v4.9.68' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.68 stable release
2017-12-09mm: fix remote numa hits statisticsMichal Hocko
[ Upstream commit 2df26639e708a88dcc22171949da638a9998f3bc ] Jia He has noticed that commit b9f00e147f27 ("mm, page_alloc: reduce branches in zone_statistics") has an unintentional side effect that remote node allocation requests are accounted as NUMA_MISS rathat than NUMA_HIT and NUMA_OTHER if such a request doesn't use __GFP_OTHER_NODE. There are many of these potentially because the flag is used very rarely while we have many users of __alloc_pages_node. Fix this by simply ignoring __GFP_OTHER_NODE (it can be removed in a follow up patch) and treat all allocations that were satisfied from the preferred zone's node as NUMA_HITS because this is the same node we requested the allocation from in most cases. If this is not the local node then we just account it as NUMA_OTHER rather than NUMA_LOCAL. One downsize would be that an allocation request for a node which is outside of the mempolicy nodemask would be reported as a hit which is a bit weird but that was the case before b9f00e147f27 already. Fixes: b9f00e147f27 ("mm, page_alloc: reduce branches in zone_statistics") Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170102153057.9451-2-mhocko@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reported-by: Jia He <hejianet@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> # with cbmc[1] superpowers Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Taku Izumi <izumi.taku@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-09mm, oom_reaper: gather each vma to prevent leaking TLB entryWang Nan
commit 687cb0884a714ff484d038e9190edc874edcf146 upstream. tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, 0, -1) means gathering the whole virtual memory space. In this case, tlb->fullmm is true. Some archs like arm64 doesn't flush TLB when tlb->fullmm is true: commit 5a7862e83000 ("arm64: tlbflush: avoid flushing when fullmm == 1"). Which causes leaking of tlb entries. Will clarifies his patch: "Basically, we tag each address space with an ASID (PCID on x86) which is resident in the TLB. This means we can elide TLB invalidation when pulling down a full mm because we won't ever assign that ASID to another mm without doing TLB invalidation elsewhere (which actually just nukes the whole TLB). I think that means that we could potentially not fault on a kernel uaccess, because we could hit in the TLB" There could be a window between complete_signal() sending IPI to other cores and all threads sharing this mm are really kicked off from cores. In this window, the oom reaper may calls tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly() to flush TLB then frees pages. However, due to the above problem, the TLB entries are not really flushed on arm64. Other threads are possible to access these pages through TLB entries. Moreover, a copy_to_user() can also write to these pages without generating page fault, causes use-after-free bugs. This patch gathers each vma instead of gathering full vm space. In this case tlb->fullmm is not true. The behavior of oom reaper become similar to munmapping before do_exit, which should be safe for all archs. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171107095453.179940-1-wangnan0@huawei.com Fixes: aac453635549 ("mm, oom: introduce oom reaper") Signed-off-by: Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Cc: Bob Liu <liubo95@huawei.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com> Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> [backported to 4.9 stable tree] Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-08 Merge tag 'v4.9.67' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.67 stable release
2017-12-05mm/madvise.c: fix madvise() infinite loop under special circumstanceschenjie
commit 6ea8d958a2c95a1d514015d4e29ba21a8c0a1a91 upstream. MADVISE_WILLNEED has always been a noop for DAX (formerly XIP) mappings. Unfortunately madvise_willneed() doesn't communicate this information properly to the generic madvise syscall implementation. The calling convention is quite subtle there. madvise_vma() is supposed to either return an error or update &prev otherwise the main loop will never advance to the next vma and it will keep looping for ever without a way to get out of the kernel. It seems this has been broken since introduction. Nobody has noticed because nobody seems to be using MADVISE_WILLNEED on these DAX mappings. [mhocko@suse.com: rewrite changelog] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171127115318.911-1-guoxuenan@huawei.com Fixes: fe77ba6f4f97 ("[PATCH] xip: madvice/fadvice: execute in place") Signed-off-by: chenjie <chenjie6@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: guoxuenan <guoxuenan@huawei.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: zhangyi (F) <yi.zhang@huawei.com> Cc: Miao Xie <miaoxie@huawei.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com> Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-05mm, hugetlbfs: introduce ->split() to vm_operations_structDan Williams
commit 31383c6865a578834dd953d9dbc88e6b19fe3997 upstream. Patch series "device-dax: fix unaligned munmap handling" When device-dax is operating in huge-page mode we want it to behave like hugetlbfs and fail attempts to split vmas into unaligned ranges. It would be messy to teach the munmap path about device-dax alignment constraints in the same (hstate) way that hugetlbfs communicates this constraint. Instead, these patches introduce a new ->split() vm operation. This patch (of 2): The device-dax interface has similar constraints as hugetlbfs in that it requires the munmap path to unmap in huge page aligned units. Rather than add more custom vma handling code in __split_vma() introduce a new vm operation to perform this vma specific check. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/151130418135.4029.6783191281930729710.stgit@dwillia2-desk3.amr.corp.intel.com Fixes: dee410792419 ("/dev/dax, core: file operations and dax-mmap") Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com> Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-05mm/cma: fix alloc_contig_range ret code/potential leakMike Kravetz
commit 63cd448908b5eb51d84c52f02b31b9b4ccd1cb5a upstream. If the call __alloc_contig_migrate_range() in alloc_contig_range returns -EBUSY, processing continues so that test_pages_isolated() is called where there is a tracepoint to identify the busy pages. However, it is possible for busy pages to become available between the calls to these two routines. In this case, the range of pages may be allocated. Unfortunately, the original return code (ret == -EBUSY) is still set and returned to the caller. Therefore, the caller believes the pages were not allocated and they are leaked. Update the comment to indicate that allocation is still possible even if __alloc_contig_migrate_range returns -EBUSY. Also, clear return code in this case so that it is not accidentally used or returned to caller. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171122185214.25285-1-mike.kravetz@oracle.com Fixes: 8ef5849fa8a2 ("mm/cma: always check which page caused allocation failure") Signed-off-by: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Laura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-05mm, thp: Do not make page table dirty unconditionally in touch_p[mu]d()Kirill A. Shutemov
commit a8f97366452ed491d13cf1e44241bc0b5740b1f0 upstream. Currently, we unconditionally make page table dirty in touch_pmd(). It may result in false-positive can_follow_write_pmd(). We may avoid the situation, if we would only make the page table entry dirty if caller asks for write access -- FOLL_WRITE. The patch also changes touch_pud() in the same way. Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> [Salvatore Bonaccorso: backport for 4.9: - Adjust context - Drop specific part for PUD-sized transparent hugepages. Support for PUD-sized transparent hugepages was added in v4.11-rc1 ] Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-12-01Revert "memcontrol: Prevent scheduling while atomic in cgroup code"Steven Rostedt (VMware)
The commit "memcontrol: Prevent scheduling while atomic in cgroup code" fixed this issue: refill_stock() get_cpu_var() drain_stock() res_counter_uncharge() res_counter_uncharge_until() spin_lock() <== boom But commit 3e32cb2e0a12b ("mm: memcontrol: lockless page counters") replaced the calls to res_counter_uncharge() in drain_stock() to the lockless function page_counter_uncharge(). There is no more spin lock there and no more reason to have that local lock. Cc: stable-rt@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Haiyang HY1 Tan <tanhy1@lenovo.com> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org> [bigeasy: That upstream commit appeared in v3.19 and the patch in question in v3.18.7-rt2 and v3.18 seems still to be maintained. So I guess that v3.18 would need the locallocks that we are about to remove here. I am not sure if any earlier versions have the patch backported. The stable tag here is because Haiyang reported (and debugged) a crash in 4.4-RT with this patch applied (which has get_cpu_light() instead the locallocks it gained in v4.9-RT). https://lkml.kernel.org/r/05AA4EC5C6EC1D48BE2CDCFF3AE0B8A637F78A15@CNMAILEX04.lenovo.com ] Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
2017-11-30Merge remote-tracking branch 'rt-stable/v4.9-rt' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9-rtlsk-v4.9-17.11-rtAlex Shi
2017-11-29Merge tag 'v4.9.65' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.65 stable release
2017-11-26 Merge tag 'v4.9.65' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9lsk-v4.9-17.11Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.65 stable release
2017-11-24mm/pagewalk.c: report holes in hugetlb rangesJann Horn
commit 373c4557d2aa362702c4c2d41288fb1e54990b7c upstream. This matters at least for the mincore syscall, which will otherwise copy uninitialized memory from the page allocator to userspace. It is probably also a correctness error for /proc/$pid/pagemap, but I haven't tested that. Removing the `walk->hugetlb_entry` condition in walk_hugetlb_range() has no effect because the caller already checks for that. This only reports holes in hugetlb ranges to callers who have specified a hugetlb_entry callback. This issue was found using an AFL-based fuzzer. v2: - don't crash on ->pte_hole==NULL (Andrew Morton) - add Cc stable (Andrew Morton) Changed for 4.4/4.9 stable backport: - fix up conflict in the huge_pte_offset() call Fixes: 1e25a271c8ac ("mincore: apply page table walker on do_mincore()") Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-24mm/page_alloc.c: broken deferred calculationPavel Tatashin
commit d135e5750205a21a212a19dbb05aeb339e2cbea7 upstream. In reset_deferred_meminit() we determine number of pages that must not be deferred. We initialize pages for at least 2G of memory, but also pages for reserved memory in this node. The reserved memory is determined in this function: memblock_reserved_memory_within(), which operates over physical addresses, and returns size in bytes. However, reset_deferred_meminit() assumes that that this function operates with pfns, and returns page count. The result is that in the best case machine boots slower than expected due to initializing more pages than needed in single thread, and in the worst case panics because fewer than needed pages are initialized early. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171021011707.15191-1-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Fixes: 864b9a393dcb ("mm: consider memblock reservations for deferred memory initialization sizing") Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-20Merge remote-tracking branch 'rt-stable/v4.9-rt' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9-rtAlex Shi
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.58' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.58 stable release
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.55' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.55 stable release
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.54' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.54 stable release
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.52' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.52 stable release Conflicts: block/blk-core.c
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.50' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.50 stable release
2017-11-17Merge tag 'v4.9.48' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.48 stable release
2017-11-09Merge remote-tracking branch 'rt-stable/v4.9-rt' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9-rtAlex Shi
2017-10-25 Merge tag 'v4.9.58' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.58 stable release
2017-10-21slub: do not merge cache if slub_debug contains a never-merge flagGrygorii Maistrenko
[ Upstream commit c6e28895a4372992961888ffaadc9efc643b5bfe ] In case CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON=n, find_mergeable() gets debug features from commandline but never checks if there are features from the SLAB_NEVER_MERGE set. As a result selected by slub_debug caches are always mergeable if they have been created without a custom constructor set or without one of the SLAB_* debug features on. This moves the SLAB_NEVER_MERGE check below the flags update from commandline to make sure it won't merge the slab cache if one of the debug features is on. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170101124451.GA4740@lp-laptop-d Signed-off-by: Grygorii Maistrenko <grygoriimkd@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-10-21mm/memory_hotplug: set magic number to page->freelist instead of page->lru.nextYasuaki Ishimatsu
[ Upstream commit ddffe98d166f4a93d996d5aa628fd745311fc1e7 ] To identify that pages of page table are allocated from bootmem allocator, magic number sets to page->lru.next. But page->lru list is initialized in reserve_bootmem_region(). So when calling free_pagetable(), the function cannot find the magic number of pages. And free_pagetable() frees the pages by free_reserved_page() not put_page_bootmem(). But if the pages are allocated from bootmem allocator and used as page table, the pages have private flag. So before freeing the pages, we should clear the private flag by put_page_bootmem(). Before applying the commit 7bfec6f47bb0 ("mm, page_alloc: check multiple page fields with a single branch"), we could find the following visible issue: BUG: Bad page state in process kworker/u1024:1 page:ffffea103cfd8040 count:0 mapcount:0 mappi flags: 0x6fffff80000800(private) page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set bad because of flags: 0x800(private) <snip> Call Trace: [...] dump_stack+0x63/0x87 [...] bad_page+0x114/0x130 [...] free_pages_prepare+0x299/0x2d0 [...] free_hot_cold_page+0x31/0x150 [...] __free_pages+0x25/0x30 [...] free_pagetable+0x6f/0xb4 [...] remove_pagetable+0x379/0x7ff [...] vmemmap_free+0x10/0x20 [...] sparse_remove_one_section+0x149/0x180 [...] __remove_pages+0x2e9/0x4f0 [...] arch_remove_memory+0x63/0xc0 [...] remove_memory+0x8c/0xc0 [...] acpi_memory_device_remove+0x79/0xa5 [...] acpi_bus_trim+0x5a/0x8d [...] acpi_bus_trim+0x38/0x8d [...] acpi_device_hotplug+0x1b7/0x418 [...] acpi_hotplug_work_fn+0x1e/0x29 [...] process_one_work+0x152/0x400 [...] worker_thread+0x125/0x4b0 [...] kthread+0xd8/0xf0 [...] ret_from_fork+0x22/0x40 And the issue still silently occurs. Until freeing the pages of page table allocated from bootmem allocator, the page->freelist is never used. So the patch sets magic number to page->freelist instead of page->lru.next. [isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com: fix merge issue] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/722b1cc4-93ac-dd8b-2be2-7a7e313b3b0b@gmail.com Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2c29bd9f-5b67-02d0-18a3-8828e78bbb6f@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Xishi Qiu <qiuxishi@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-10-13 Merge tag 'v4.9.56' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.56 stable release
2017-10-12mm, oom_reaper: skip mm structs with mmu notifiersMichal Hocko
commit 4d4bbd8526a8fbeb2c090ea360211fceff952383 upstream. Andrea has noticed that the oom_reaper doesn't invalidate the range via mmu notifiers (mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start/end) and that can corrupt the memory of the kvm guest for example. tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly already invokes mmu notifiers but that is not sufficient as per Andrea: "mmu_notifier_invalidate_range cannot be used in replacement of mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start/end. For KVM mmu_notifier_invalidate_range is a noop and rightfully so. A MMU notifier implementation has to implement either ->invalidate_range method or the invalidate_range_start/end methods, not both. And if you implement invalidate_range_start/end like KVM is forced to do, calling mmu_notifier_invalidate_range in common code is a noop for KVM. For those MMU notifiers that can get away only implementing ->invalidate_range, the ->invalidate_range is implicitly called by mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(). And only those secondary MMUs that share the same pagetable with the primary MMU (like AMD iommuv2) can get away only implementing ->invalidate_range" As the callback is allowed to sleep and the implementation is out of hand of the MM it is safer to simply bail out if there is an mmu notifier registered. In order to not fail too early make the mm_has_notifiers check under the oom_lock and have a little nap before failing to give the current oom victim some more time to exit. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes] Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170913113427.2291-1-mhocko@kernel.org Fixes: aac453635549 ("mm, oom: introduce oom reaper") Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Reported-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-10-09Merge remote-tracking branch 'lts/linux-4.9.y' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
2017-10-08mm/cgroup: avoid panic when init with low memoryLaurent Dufour
[ Upstream commit bfc7228b9a9647e1c353e50b40297a2929801759 ] The system may panic when initialisation is done when almost all the memory is assigned to the huge pages using the kernel command line parameter hugepage=xxxx. Panic may occur like this: Unable to handle kernel paging request for data at address 0x00000000 Faulting instruction address: 0xc000000000302b88 Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1] SMP NR_CPUS=2048 [ 0.082424] NUMA pSeries Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.9.0-15-generic #16-Ubuntu task: c00000021ed01600 task.stack: c00000010d108000 NIP: c000000000302b88 LR: c000000000270e04 CTR: c00000000016cfd0 REGS: c00000010d10b2c0 TRAP: 0300 Not tainted (4.9.0-15-generic) MSR: 8000000002009033 <SF,VEC,EE,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE>[ 0.082770] CR: 28424422 XER: 00000000 CFAR: c0000000003d28b8 DAR: 0000000000000000 DSISR: 40000000 SOFTE: 1 GPR00: c000000000270e04 c00000010d10b540 c00000000141a300 c00000010fff6300 GPR04: 0000000000000000 00000000026012c0 c00000010d10b630 0000000487ab0000 GPR08: 000000010ee90000 c000000001454fd8 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR12: 0000000000004400 c00000000fb80000 00000000026012c0 00000000026012c0 GPR16: 00000000026012c0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000002 GPR20: 000000000000000c 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000024200c0 GPR24: c0000000016eef48 0000000000000000 c00000010fff7d00 00000000026012c0 GPR28: 0000000000000000 c00000010fff7d00 c00000010fff6300 c00000010d10b6d0 NIP mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim+0xf8/0x4f0 LR do_try_to_free_pages+0x1b4/0x450 Call Trace: do_try_to_free_pages+0x1b4/0x450 try_to_free_pages+0xf8/0x270 __alloc_pages_nodemask+0x7a8/0xff0 new_slab+0x104/0x8e0 ___slab_alloc+0x620/0x700 __slab_alloc+0x34/0x60 kmem_cache_alloc_node_trace+0xdc/0x310 mem_cgroup_init+0x158/0x1c8 do_one_initcall+0x68/0x1d0 kernel_init_freeable+0x278/0x360 kernel_init+0x24/0x170 ret_from_kernel_thread+0x5c/0x74 Instruction dump: eb81ffe0 eba1ffe8 ebc1fff0 ebe1fff8 4e800020 3d230001 e9499a42 3d220004 3929acd8 794a1f24 7d295214 eac90100 <e9360000> 2fa90000 419eff74 3b200000 ---[ end trace 342f5208b00d01b6 ]--- This is a chicken and egg issue where the kernel try to get free memory when allocating per node data in mem_cgroup_init(), but in that path mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim() is called which assumes that these data are allocated. As mem_cgroup_soft_limit_reclaim() is best effort, it should return when these data are not yet allocated. This patch also fixes potential null pointer access in mem_cgroup_remove_from_trees() and mem_cgroup_update_tree(). Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487856999-16581-2-git-send-email-ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com Signed-off-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Acked-by: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com> Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-10-04 Merge tag 'v4.9.52' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9lsk-v4.9-17.09Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.52 stable release
2017-09-27mm: prevent double decrease of nr_reserved_highatomicMinchan Kim
commit 4855e4a7f29d6d10b0b9c84e189c770c9a94e91e upstream. There is race between page freeing and unreserved highatomic. CPU 0 CPU 1 free_hot_cold_page mt = get_pfnblock_migratetype set_pcppage_migratetype(page, mt) unreserve_highatomic_pageblock spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock) move_freepages_block set_pageblock_migratetype(page) spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock) free_pcppages_bulk __free_one_page(mt) <- mt is stale By above race, a page on CPU 0 could go non-highorderatomic free list since the pageblock's type is changed. By that, unreserve logic of highorderatomic can decrease reserved count on a same pageblock severak times and then it will make mismatch between nr_reserved_highatomic and the number of reserved pageblock. So, this patch verifies whether the pageblock is highatomic or not and decrease the count only if the pageblock is highatomic. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1476259429-18279-3-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com> Cc: Sangseok Lee <sangseok.lee@lge.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-09-14 Merge tag 'v4.9.50' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.50 stable release
2017-09-13mm/memory.c: fix mem_cgroup_oom_disable() call missingLaurent Dufour
commit de0c799bba2610a8e1e9a50d76a28614520a4cd4 upstream. Seen while reading the code, in handle_mm_fault(), in the case arch_vma_access_permitted() is failing the call to mem_cgroup_oom_disable() is not made. To fix that, move the call to mem_cgroup_oom_enable() after calling arch_vma_access_permitted() as it should not have entered the memcg OOM. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1504625439-31313-1-git-send-email-ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com Fixes: bae473a423f6 ("mm: introduce fault_env") Signed-off-by: Laurent Dufour <ldufour@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-09-08 Merge tag 'v4.9.48' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.48 stable release
2017-09-07mm, madvise: ensure poisoned pages are removed from per-cpu listsMel Gorman
commit c461ad6a63b37ba74632e90c063d14823c884247 upstream. Wendy Wang reported off-list that a RAS HWPOISON-SOFT test case failed and bisected it to the commit 479f854a207c ("mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of pages allocated from the PCP"). The problem is that a page that was poisoned with madvise() is reused. The commit removed a check that would trigger if DEBUG_VM was enabled but re-enabling the check only fixes the problem as a side-effect by printing a bad_page warning and recovering. The root of the problem is that an madvise() can leave a poisoned page on the per-cpu list. This patch drains all per-cpu lists after pages are poisoned so that they will not be reused. Wendy reports that the test case in question passes with this patch applied. While this could be done in a targeted fashion, it is over-complicated for such a rare operation. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170828133414.7qro57jbepdcyz5x@techsingularity.net Fixes: 479f854a207c ("mm, page_alloc: defer debugging checks of pages allocated from the PCP") Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Reported-by: Wang, Wendy <wendy.wang@intel.com> Tested-by: Wang, Wendy <wendy.wang@intel.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: "Hansen, Dave" <dave.hansen@intel.com> Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com> Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <nao.horiguchi@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-09-05Merge tag 'v4.9.46' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.46 stable release Conflicts: kernel/time/timer.c
2017-09-05Merge tag 'v4.9.45' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.45 stable release
2017-09-05Merge tag 'v4.9.44' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.44 stable release
2017-09-05Merge tag 'v4.9.42' into v4.9-rtSteven Rostedt (VMware)
This is the 4.9.42 stable release
2017-09-01 Merge tag 'v4.9.46' into linux-linaro-lsk-v4.9Alex Shi
This is the 4.9.46 stable release
2017-08-30mm/memblock.c: reversed logic in memblock_discard()Pavel Tatashin
commit 91b540f98872a206ea1c49e4aa6ea8eed0886644 upstream. In recently introduced memblock_discard() there is a reversed logic bug. Memory is freed of static array instead of dynamically allocated one. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1503511441-95478-2-git-send-email-pasha.tatashin@oracle.com Fixes: 3010f876500f ("mm: discard memblock data later") Signed-off-by: Pavel Tatashin <pasha.tatashin@oracle.com> Reported-by: Woody Suwalski <terraluna977@gmail.com> Tested-by: Woody Suwalski <terraluna977@gmail.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-08-30mm/madvise.c: fix freeing of locked page with MADV_FREEEric Biggers
commit 263630e8d176d87308481ebdcd78ef9426739c6b upstream. If madvise(..., MADV_FREE) split a transparent hugepage, it called put_page() before unlock_page(). This was wrong because put_page() can free the page, e.g. if a concurrent madvise(..., MADV_DONTNEED) has removed it from the memory mapping. put_page() then rightfully complained about freeing a locked page. Fix this by moving the unlock_page() before put_page(). This bug was found by syzkaller, which encountered the following splat: BUG: Bad page state in process syzkaller412798 pfn:1bd800 page:ffffea0006f60000 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x20a00 flags: 0x200000000040019(locked|uptodate|dirty|swapbacked) raw: 0200000000040019 0000000000000000 0000000000020a00 00000000ffffffff raw: ffffea0006f60020 ffffea0006f60020 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set bad because of flags: 0x1(locked) Modules linked in: CPU: 1 PID: 3037 Comm: syzkaller412798 Not tainted 4.13.0-rc5+ #35 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:16 [inline] dump_stack+0x194/0x257 lib/dump_stack.c:52 bad_page+0x230/0x2b0 mm/page_alloc.c:565 free_pages_check_bad+0x1f0/0x2e0 mm/page_alloc.c:943 free_pages_check mm/page_alloc.c:952 [inline] free_pages_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1043 [inline] free_pcp_prepare mm/page_alloc.c:1068 [inline] free_hot_cold_page+0x8cf/0x12b0 mm/page_alloc.c:2584 __put_single_page mm/swap.c:79 [inline] __put_page+0xfb/0x160 mm/swap.c:113 put_page include/linux/mm.h:814 [inline] madvise_free_pte_range+0x137a/0x1ec0 mm/madvise.c:371 walk_pmd_range mm/pagewalk.c:50 [inline] walk_pud_range mm/pagewalk.c:108 [inline] walk_p4d_range mm/pagewalk.c:134 [inline] walk_pgd_range mm/pagewalk.c:160 [inline] __walk_page_range+0xc3a/0x1450 mm/pagewalk.c:249 walk_page_range+0x200/0x470 mm/pagewalk.c:326 madvise_free_page_range.isra.9+0x17d/0x230 mm/madvise.c:444 madvise_free_single_vma+0x353/0x580 mm/madvise.c:471 madvise_dontneed_free mm/madvise.c:555 [inline] madvise_vma mm/madvise.c:664 [inline] SYSC_madvise mm/madvise.c:832 [inline] SyS_madvise+0x7d3/0x13c0 mm/madvise.c:760 entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xbe Here is a C reproducer: #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <pthread.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <unistd.h> #define MADV_FREE 8 #define PAGE_SIZE 4096 static void *mapping; static const size_t mapping_size = 0x1000000; static void *madvise_thrproc(void *arg) { madvise(mapping, mapping_size, (long)arg); } int main(void) { pthread_t t[2]; for (;;) { mapping = mmap(NULL, mapping_size, PROT_WRITE, MAP_POPULATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0); munmap(mapping + mapping_size / 2, PAGE_SIZE); pthread_create(&t[0], 0, madvise_thrproc, (void*)MADV_DONTNEED); pthread_create(&t[1], 0, madvise_thrproc, (void*)MADV_FREE); pthread_join(t[0], NULL); pthread_join(t[1], NULL); munmap(mapping, mapping_size); } } Note: to see the splat, CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE=y and CONFIG_DEBUG_VM=y are needed. Google Bug Id: 64696096 Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170823205235.132061-1-ebiggers3@gmail.com Fixes: 854e9ed09ded ("mm: support madvise(MADV_FREE)") Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-08-30mm, shmem: fix handling /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/shmem_enabledKirill A. Shutemov
commit 435c0b87d661da83771c30ed775f7c37eed193fb upstream. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/shmem_enabled controls if we want to allocate huge pages when allocate pages for private in-kernel shmem mount. Unfortunately, as Dan noticed, I've screwed it up and the only way to make kernel allocate huge page for the mount is to use "force" there. All other values will be effectively ignored. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170822144254.66431-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Fixes: 5a6e75f8110c ("shmem: prepare huge= mount option and sysfs knob") Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-08-24Sanitize 'move_pages()' permission checksLinus Torvalds
commit 197e7e521384a23b9e585178f3f11c9fa08274b9 upstream. The 'move_paghes()' system call was introduced long long ago with the same permission checks as for sending a signal (except using CAP_SYS_NICE instead of CAP_SYS_KILL for the overriding capability). That turns out to not be a great choice - while the system call really only moves physical page allocations around (and you need other capabilities to do a lot of it), you can check the return value to map out some the virtual address choices and defeat ASLR of a binary that still shares your uid. So change the access checks to the more common 'ptrace_may_access()' model instead. This tightens the access checks for the uid, and also effectively changes the CAP_SYS_NICE check to CAP_SYS_PTRACE, but it's unlikely that anybody really _uses_ this legacy system call any more (we hav ebetter NUMA placement models these days), so I expect nobody to notice. Famous last words. Reported-by: Otto Ebeling <otto.ebeling@iki.fi> Acked-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-08-24mm/mempolicy: fix use after free when calling get_mempolicyzhong jiang
commit 73223e4e2e3867ebf033a5a8eb2e5df0158ccc99 upstream. I hit a use after free issue when executing trinity and repoduced it with KASAN enabled. The related call trace is as follows. BUG: KASan: use after free in SyS_get_mempolicy+0x3c8/0x960 at addr ffff8801f582d766 Read of size 2 by task syz-executor1/798 INFO: Allocated in mpol_new.part.2+0x74/0x160 age=3 cpu=1 pid=799 __slab_alloc+0x768/0x970 kmem_cache_alloc+0x2e7/0x450 mpol_new.part.2+0x74/0x160 mpol_new+0x66/0x80 SyS_mbind+0x267/0x9f0 system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b INFO: Freed in __mpol_put+0x2b/0x40 age=4 cpu=1 pid=799 __slab_free+0x495/0x8e0 kmem_cache_free+0x2f3/0x4c0 __mpol_put+0x2b/0x40 SyS_mbind+0x383/0x9f0 system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b INFO: Slab 0xffffea0009cb8dc0 objects=23 used=8 fp=0xffff8801f582de40 flags=0x200000000004080 INFO: Object 0xffff8801f582d760 @offset=5984 fp=0xffff8801f582d600 Bytes b4 ffff8801f582d750: ae 01 ff ff 00 00 00 00 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ........ZZZZZZZZ Object ffff8801f582d760: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Object ffff8801f582d770: 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b 6b a5 kkkkkkk. Redzone ffff8801f582d778: bb bb bb bb bb bb bb bb ........ Padding ffff8801f582d8b8: 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a 5a ZZZZZZZZ Memory state around the buggy address: ffff8801f582d600: fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc ffff8801f582d680: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc >ffff8801f582d700: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fb fb fb fc !shared memory policy is not protected against parallel removal by other thread which is normally protected by the mmap_sem. do_get_mempolicy, however, drops the lock midway while we can still access it later. Early premature up_read is a historical artifact from times when put_user was called in this path see https://lwn.net/Articles/124754/ but that is gone since 8bccd85ffbaf ("[PATCH] Implement sys_* do_* layering in the memory policy layer."). but when we have the the current mempolicy ref count model. The issue was introduced accordingly. Fix the issue by removing the premature release. Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1502950924-27521-1-git-send-email-zhongjiang@huawei.com Signed-off-by: zhong jiang <zhongjiang@huawei.com> Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>