diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'etc/make-stds.texi')
| -rw-r--r-- | etc/make-stds.texi | 57 |
1 files changed, 39 insertions, 18 deletions
diff --git a/etc/make-stds.texi b/etc/make-stds.texi index 7f041294ff6..b8e0bbed4f1 100644 --- a/etc/make-stds.texi +++ b/etc/make-stds.texi @@ -209,11 +209,12 @@ don't need to replace them with other programs. Each program-name variable should come with an options variable that is used to supply options to the program. Append @samp{FLAGS} to the program-name variable name to get the options variable name---for -example, @code{BISONFLAGS}. (The name @code{CFLAGS} is an exception to -this rule, but we keep it because it is standard.) Use @code{CPPFLAGS} -in any compilation command that runs the preprocessor, and use -@code{LDFLAGS} in any compilation command that does linking as well as -in any direct use of @code{ld}. +example, @code{BISONFLAGS}. (The names @code{CFLAGS} for the C +compiler, @code{YFLAGS} for yacc, and @code{LFLAGS} for lex, are +exceptions to this rule, but we keep them because they are standard.) +Use @code{CPPFLAGS} in any compilation command that runs the +preprocessor, and use @code{LDFLAGS} in any compilation command that +does linking as well as in any direct use of @code{ld}. If there are C compiler options that @emph{must} be used for proper compilation of certain files, do not include them in @code{CFLAGS}. @@ -239,6 +240,9 @@ Put @code{CFLAGS} last in the compilation command, after other variables containing compiler options, so the user can use @code{CFLAGS} to override the others. +@code{CFLAGS} should be used in every invocation of the C compiler, +both those which do compilation and those which do linking. + Every Makefile should define the variable @code{INSTALL}, which is the basic command for installing a file into the system. @@ -253,6 +257,18 @@ $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) foo $(bindir)/foo $(INSTALL_DATA) libfoo.a $(libdir)/libfoo.a @end example +Optionally, you may prepend the value of @code{DESTDIR} to the target +filename. Doing this allows the installer to create a snapshot of the +installation to be copied onto the real target filesystem later. Do not +set the value of @code{DESTDIR} in your Makefile, and do not include it +in any installed files. With support for @code{DESTDIR}, the above +examples become: + +@example +$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) foo $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/foo +$(INSTALL_DATA) libfoo.a $(DESTDIR)$(libdir)/libfoo.a +@end example + @noindent Always use a file name, not a directory name, as the second argument of the installation commands. Use a separate command for each file to be @@ -279,6 +295,10 @@ When building the complete GNU system, the prefix will be empty and @file{/usr} will be a symbolic link to @file{/}. (If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@prefix@@}.) +Running @samp{make install} with a different value of @code{prefix} +from the one used to build the program should @var{not} recompile +the program. + @item exec_prefix A prefix used in constructing the default values of some of the variables listed below. The default value of @code{exec_prefix} should @@ -288,6 +308,10 @@ be @code{$(prefix)}. Generally, @code{$(exec_prefix)} is used for directories that contain machine-specific files (such as executables and subroutine libraries), while @code{$(prefix)} is used directly for other directories. + +Running @samp{make install} with a different value of @code{exec_prefix} +from the one used to build the program should @var{not} recompile the +program. @end table Executable programs are installed in one of the following directories. @@ -355,14 +379,11 @@ files. This directory should normally be @file{/usr/local/etc}, but write it as @file{$(prefix)/etc}. (If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@sysconfdir@@}.) -@c rewritten to avoid overfull hbox --tower -Do not install executables -@c here -in this directory (they probably -belong in @file{$(libexecdir)} or @file{$(sbindir)}). Also do not -install files that are modified in the normal course of their use -(programs whose purpose is to change the configuration of the system -excluded). Those probably belong in @file{$(localstatedir)}. +Do not install executables here in this directory (they probably belong +in @file{$(libexecdir)} or @file{$(sbindir)}). Also do not install +files that are modified in the normal course of their use (programs +whose purpose is to change the configuration of the system excluded). +Those probably belong in @file{$(localstatedir)}. @item sharedstatedir The directory for installing architecture-independent data files which @@ -415,7 +436,7 @@ should normally be @file{/usr/local/include}, but write it as @file{$(prefix)/include}. (If you are using Autoconf, write it as @samp{@@includedir@@}.) -Most compilers other than GCC do not look for header files in +Most compilers other than GCC do not look for header files in directory @file{/usr/local/include}. So installing the header files this way is only useful with GCC. Sometimes this is not a problem because some libraries are only really intended to work with GCC. But some libraries @@ -567,12 +588,12 @@ Here is a sample rule to install an Info file: @comment This example has been carefully formatted for the Make manual. @comment Please do not reformat it without talking to roland@gnu.ai.mit.edu. @smallexample -$(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info +$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info $(POST_INSTALL) # There may be a newer info file in . than in srcdir. -if test -f foo.info; then d=.; \ else d=$(srcdir); fi; \ - $(INSTALL_DATA) $$d/foo.info $@@; \ + $(INSTALL_DATA) $$d/foo.info $(DESTDIR)$@@; \ # Run install-info only if it exists. # Use `if' instead of just prepending `-' to the # line so we notice real errors from install-info. @@ -580,8 +601,8 @@ $(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info # fail gracefully when there is an unknown command. if $(SHELL) -c 'install-info --version' \ >/dev/null 2>&1; then \ - install-info --dir-file=$(infodir)/dir \ - $(infodir)/foo.info; \ + install-info --dir-file=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir \ + $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info; \ else true; fi @end smallexample |