aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/kernel/sched_clock.c
blob: 9d8af0b3fb64544d9ca7076f3478d2239b46540e (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
/*
 * sched_clock for unstable cpu clocks
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2008 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra <pzijlstr@redhat.com>
 *
 *  Updates and enhancements:
 *    Copyright (C) 2008 Red Hat, Inc. Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
 *
 * Based on code by:
 *   Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
 *   Guillaume Chazarain <guichaz@gmail.com>
 *
 *
 * What:
 *
 * cpu_clock(i) provides a fast (execution time) high resolution
 * clock with bounded drift between CPUs. The value of cpu_clock(i)
 * is monotonic for constant i. The timestamp returned is in nanoseconds.
 *
 * ######################### BIG FAT WARNING ##########################
 * # when comparing cpu_clock(i) to cpu_clock(j) for i != j, time can #
 * # go backwards !!                                                  #
 * ####################################################################
 *
 * There is no strict promise about the base, although it tends to start
 * at 0 on boot (but people really shouldn't rely on that).
 *
 * cpu_clock(i)       -- can be used from any context, including NMI.
 * sched_clock_cpu(i) -- must be used with local IRQs disabled (implied by NMI)
 * local_clock()      -- is cpu_clock() on the current cpu.
 *
 * How:
 *
 * The implementation either uses sched_clock() when
 * !CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK, which means in that case the
 * sched_clock() is assumed to provide these properties (mostly it means
 * the architecture provides a globally synchronized highres time source).
 *
 * Otherwise it tries to create a semi stable clock from a mixture of other
 * clocks, including:
 *
 *  - GTOD (clock monotomic)
 *  - sched_clock()
 *  - explicit idle events
 *
 * We use GTOD as base and use sched_clock() deltas to improve resolution. The
 * deltas are filtered to provide monotonicity and keeping it within an
 * expected window.
 *
 * Furthermore, explicit sleep and wakeup hooks allow us to account for time
 * that is otherwise invisible (TSC gets stopped).
 *
 *
 * Notes:
 *
 * The !IRQ-safetly of sched_clock() and sched_clock_cpu() comes from things
 * like cpufreq interrupts that can change the base clock (TSC) multiplier
 * and cause funny jumps in time -- although the filtering provided by
 * sched_clock_cpu() should mitigate serious artifacts we cannot rely on it
 * in general since for !CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK we fully rely on
 * sched_clock().
 */
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/hardirq.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/ktime.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>

/*
 * Scheduler clock - returns current time in nanosec units.
 * This is default implementation.
 * Architectures and sub-architectures can override this.
 */
unsigned long long __attribute__((weak)) sched_clock(void)
{
	return (unsigned long long)(jiffies - INITIAL_JIFFIES)
					* (NSEC_PER_SEC / HZ);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock);

__read_mostly int sched_clock_running;

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
__read_mostly int sched_clock_stable;

struct sched_clock_data {
	u64			tick_raw;
	u64			tick_gtod;
	u64			clock;
};

static DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct sched_clock_data, sched_clock_data);

static inline struct sched_clock_data *this_scd(void)
{
	return &__get_cpu_var(sched_clock_data);
}

static inline struct sched_clock_data *cpu_sdc(int cpu)
{
	return &per_cpu(sched_clock_data, cpu);
}

void sched_clock_init(void)
{
	u64 ktime_now = ktime_to_ns(ktime_get());
	int cpu;

	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
		struct sched_clock_data *scd = cpu_sdc(cpu);

		scd->tick_raw = 0;
		scd->tick_gtod = ktime_now;
		scd->clock = ktime_now;
	}

	sched_clock_running = 1;
}

/*
 * min, max except they take wrapping into account
 */

static inline u64 wrap_min(u64 x, u64 y)
{
	return (s64)(x - y) < 0 ? x : y;
}

static inline u64 wrap_max(u64 x, u64 y)
{
	return (s64)(x - y) > 0 ? x : y;
}

/*
 * update the percpu scd from the raw @now value
 *
 *  - filter out backward motion
 *  - use the GTOD tick value to create a window to filter crazy TSC values
 */
static u64 sched_clock_local(struct sched_clock_data *scd)
{
	u64 now, clock, old_clock, min_clock, max_clock;
	s64 delta;

again:
	now = sched_clock();
	delta = now - scd->tick_raw;
	if (unlikely(delta < 0))
		delta = 0;

	old_clock = scd->clock;

	/*
	 * scd->clock = clamp(scd->tick_gtod + delta,
	 *		      max(scd->tick_gtod, scd->clock),
	 *		      scd->tick_gtod + TICK_NSEC);
	 */

	clock = scd->tick_gtod + delta;
	min_clock = wrap_max(scd->tick_gtod, old_clock);
	max_clock = wrap_max(old_clock, scd->tick_gtod + TICK_NSEC);

	clock = wrap_max(clock, min_clock);
	clock = wrap_min(clock, max_clock);

	if (cmpxchg64(&scd->clock, old_clock, clock) != old_clock)
		goto again;

	return clock;
}

static u64 sched_clock_remote(struct sched_clock_data *scd)
{
	struct sched_clock_data *my_scd = this_scd();
	u64 this_clock, remote_clock;
	u64 *ptr, old_val, val;

	sched_clock_local(my_scd);
again:
	this_clock = my_scd->clock;
	remote_clock = scd->clock;

	/*
	 * Use the opportunity that we have both locks
	 * taken to couple the two clocks: we take the
	 * larger time as the latest time for both
	 * runqueues. (this creates monotonic movement)
	 */
	if (likely((s64)(remote_clock - this_clock) < 0)) {
		ptr = &scd->clock;
		old_val = remote_clock;
		val = this_clock;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Should be rare, but possible:
		 */
		ptr = &my_scd->clock;
		old_val = this_clock;
		val = remote_clock;
	}

	if (cmpxchg64(ptr, old_val, val) != old_val)
		goto again;

	return val;
}

/*
 * Similar to cpu_clock(), but requires local IRQs to be disabled.
 *
 * See cpu_clock().
 */
u64 sched_clock_cpu(int cpu)
{
	struct sched_clock_data *scd;
	u64 clock;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());

	if (sched_clock_stable)
		return sched_clock();

	if (unlikely(!sched_clock_running))
		return 0ull;

	scd = cpu_sdc(cpu);

	if (cpu != smp_processor_id())
		clock = sched_clock_remote(scd);
	else
		clock = sched_clock_local(scd);

	return clock;
}

void sched_clock_tick(void)
{
	struct sched_clock_data *scd;
	u64 now, now_gtod;

	if (sched_clock_stable)
		return;

	if (unlikely(!sched_clock_running))
		return;

	WARN_ON_ONCE(!irqs_disabled());

	scd = this_scd();
	now_gtod = ktime_to_ns(ktime_get());
	now = sched_clock();

	scd->tick_raw = now;
	scd->tick_gtod = now_gtod;
	sched_clock_local(scd);
}

/*
 * We are going deep-idle (irqs are disabled):
 */
void sched_clock_idle_sleep_event(void)
{
	sched_clock_cpu(smp_processor_id());
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock_idle_sleep_event);

/*
 * We just idled delta nanoseconds (called with irqs disabled):
 */
void sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event(u64 delta_ns)
{
	if (timekeeping_suspended)
		return;

	sched_clock_tick();
	touch_softlockup_watchdog();
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event);

/*
 * As outlined at the top, provides a fast, high resolution, nanosecond
 * time source that is monotonic per cpu argument and has bounded drift
 * between cpus.
 *
 * ######################### BIG FAT WARNING ##########################
 * # when comparing cpu_clock(i) to cpu_clock(j) for i != j, time can #
 * # go backwards !!                                                  #
 * ####################################################################
 */
u64 cpu_clock(int cpu)
{
	u64 clock;
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	clock = sched_clock_cpu(cpu);
	local_irq_restore(flags);

	return clock;
}

/*
 * Similar to cpu_clock() for the current cpu. Time will only be observed
 * to be monotonic if care is taken to only compare timestampt taken on the
 * same CPU.
 *
 * See cpu_clock().
 */
u64 local_clock(void)
{
	u64 clock;
	unsigned long flags;

	local_irq_save(flags);
	clock = sched_clock_cpu(smp_processor_id());
	local_irq_restore(flags);

	return clock;
}

#else /* CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK */

void sched_clock_init(void)
{
	sched_clock_running = 1;
}

u64 sched_clock_cpu(int cpu)
{
	if (unlikely(!sched_clock_running))
		return 0;

	return sched_clock();
}

u64 cpu_clock(int cpu)
{
	return sched_clock_cpu(cpu);
}

u64 local_clock(void)
{
	return sched_clock_cpu(0);
}

#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK */

EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cpu_clock);
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(local_clock);