aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/sound/isa/sscape.c
blob: 53daa8bd9b787ae282ddcac5a05f048963ea0959 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
/*
 *   Low-level ALSA driver for the ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP
 *   Copyright (c) by Chris Rankin
 *
 *   This driver was written in part using information obtained from
 *   the OSS/Free SoundScape driver, written by Hannu Savolainen.
 *
 *
 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *   the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *   (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *   along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
 */

#include <sound/driver.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/isa.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/pnp.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <asm/dma.h>
#include <sound/core.h>
#include <sound/hwdep.h>
#include <sound/cs4231.h>
#include <sound/mpu401.h>
#include <sound/initval.h>

#include <sound/sscape_ioctl.h>


MODULE_AUTHOR("Chris Rankin");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ENSONIQ SoundScape PnP driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
static char* id[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
static long wss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
static int dma[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] __devinitdata = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;

module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index number for SoundScape soundcard");

module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "Description for SoundScape card");

module_param_array(port, long, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for SoundScape driver.");

module_param_array(wss_port, long, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(wss_port, "WSS Port # for SoundScape driver.");

module_param_array(irq, int, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for SoundScape driver.");

module_param_array(mpu_irq, int, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU401 IRQ # for SoundScape driver.");

module_param_array(dma, int, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma, "DMA # for SoundScape driver.");

module_param_array(dma2, int, NULL, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for SoundScape driver.");

#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
static int isa_registered;
static int pnp_registered;

static struct pnp_card_device_id sscape_pnpids[] = {
	{ .id = "ENS3081", .devs = { { "ENS0000" } } }, /* Soundscape PnP */
	{ .id = "ENS4081", .devs = { { "ENS1011" } } },	/* VIVO90 */
	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
};

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, sscape_pnpids);
#endif


#define MPU401_IO(i)     ((i) + 0)
#define MIDI_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 0)
#define MIDI_CTRL_IO(i)  ((i) + 1)
#define HOST_CTRL_IO(i)  ((i) + 2)
#define HOST_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 3)
#define ODIE_ADDR_IO(i)  ((i) + 4)
#define ODIE_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 5)
#define CODEC_IO(i)      ((i) + 8)

#define IC_ODIE  1
#define IC_OPUS  2

#define RX_READY 0x01
#define TX_READY 0x02

#define CMD_ACK           0x80
#define CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL  0x84
#define CMD_GET_MIDI_VOL  0x85
#define CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL  0x86
#define CMD_SET_EXTMIDI   0x8a
#define CMD_GET_EXTMIDI   0x8b
#define CMD_SET_MT32      0x8c
#define CMD_GET_MT32      0x8d

enum GA_REG {
	GA_INTSTAT_REG = 0,
	GA_INTENA_REG,
	GA_DMAA_REG,
	GA_DMAB_REG,
	GA_INTCFG_REG,
	GA_DMACFG_REG,
	GA_CDCFG_REG,
	GA_SMCFGA_REG,
	GA_SMCFGB_REG,
	GA_HMCTL_REG
};

#define DMA_8BIT  0x80


#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB    0x16
#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB    0x17

enum card_type {
	SSCAPE,
	SSCAPE_PNP,
	SSCAPE_VIVO,
};

struct soundscape {
	spinlock_t lock;
	unsigned io_base;
	int codec_type;
	int ic_type;
	enum card_type type;
	struct resource *io_res;
	struct snd_cs4231 *chip;
	struct snd_mpu401 *mpu;
	struct snd_hwdep *hw;

	/*
	 * The MIDI device won't work until we've loaded
	 * its firmware via a hardware-dependent device IOCTL
	 */
	spinlock_t fwlock;
	int hw_in_use;
	unsigned long midi_usage;
	unsigned char midi_vol;
};

#define INVALID_IRQ  ((unsigned)-1)


static inline struct soundscape *get_card_soundscape(struct snd_card *c)
{
	return (struct soundscape *) (c->private_data);
}

static inline struct soundscape *get_mpu401_soundscape(struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
{
	return (struct soundscape *) (mpu->private_data);
}

static inline struct soundscape *get_hwdep_soundscape(struct snd_hwdep * hw)
{
	return (struct soundscape *) (hw->private_data);
}


/*
 * Allocates some kernel memory that we can use for DMA.
 * I think this means that the memory has to map to
 * contiguous pages of physical memory.
 */
static struct snd_dma_buffer *get_dmabuf(struct snd_dma_buffer *buf, unsigned long size)
{
	if (buf) {
		if (snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, snd_dma_isa_data(),
						 size, buf) < 0) {
			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to allocate %lu bytes for DMA\n", size);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	return buf;
}

/*
 * Release the DMA-able kernel memory ...
 */
static void free_dmabuf(struct snd_dma_buffer *buf)
{
	if (buf && buf->area)
		snd_dma_free_pages(buf);
}


/*
 * This function writes to the SoundScape's control registers,
 * but doesn't do any locking. It's up to the caller to do that.
 * This is why this function is "unsafe" ...
 */
static inline void sscape_write_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg, unsigned char val)
{
	outb(reg, ODIE_ADDR_IO(io_base));
	outb(val, ODIE_DATA_IO(io_base));
}

/*
 * Write to the SoundScape's control registers, and do the
 * necessary locking ...
 */
static void sscape_write(struct soundscape *s, enum GA_REG reg, unsigned char val)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, reg, val);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
}

/*
 * Read from the SoundScape's control registers, but leave any
 * locking to the caller. This is why the function is "unsafe" ...
 */
static inline unsigned char sscape_read_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg)
{
	outb(reg, ODIE_ADDR_IO(io_base));
	return inb(ODIE_DATA_IO(io_base));
}

/*
 * Puts the SoundScape into "host" mode, as compared to "MIDI" mode
 */
static inline void set_host_mode_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
{
	outb(0x0, HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base));
}

/*
 * Puts the SoundScape into "MIDI" mode, as compared to "host" mode
 */
static inline void set_midi_mode_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
{
	outb(0x3, HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base));
}

/*
 * Read the SoundScape's host-mode control register, but leave
 * any locking issues to the caller ...
 */
static inline int host_read_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
{
	int data = -1;
	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base)) & RX_READY) != 0) {
		data = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(io_base));
	}

	return data;
}

/*
 * Read the SoundScape's host-mode control register, performing
 * a limited amount of busy-waiting if the register isn't ready.
 * Also leaves all locking-issues to the caller ...
 */
static int host_read_ctrl_unsafe(unsigned io_base, unsigned timeout)
{
	int data;

	while (((data = host_read_unsafe(io_base)) < 0) && (timeout != 0)) {
		udelay(100);
		--timeout;
	} /* while */

	return data;
}

/*
 * Write to the SoundScape's host-mode control registers, but
 * leave any locking issues to the caller ...
 */
static inline int host_write_unsafe(unsigned io_base, unsigned char data)
{
	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base)) & TX_READY) != 0) {
		outb(data, HOST_DATA_IO(io_base));
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Write to the SoundScape's host-mode control registers, performing
 * a limited amount of busy-waiting if the register isn't ready.
 * Also leaves all locking-issues to the caller ...
 */
static int host_write_ctrl_unsafe(unsigned io_base, unsigned char data,
                                  unsigned timeout)
{
	int err;

	while (!(err = host_write_unsafe(io_base, data)) && (timeout != 0)) {
		udelay(100);
		--timeout;
	} /* while */

	return err;
}


/*
 * Check that the MIDI subsystem is operational. If it isn't,
 * then we will hang the computer if we try to use it ...
 *
 * NOTE: This check is based upon observation, not documentation.
 */
static inline int verify_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
{
	return ((inb(MIDI_CTRL_IO(mpu->port)) & 0xc0) == 0x80);
}

/*
 * This is apparently the standard way to initailise an MPU-401
 */
static inline void initialise_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
{
	outb(0, MIDI_DATA_IO(mpu->port));
}

/*
 * Tell the SoundScape to activate the AD1845 chip (I think).
 * The AD1845 detection fails if we *don't* do this, so I
 * think that this is a good idea ...
 */
static inline void activate_ad1845_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
{
	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, (sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) & 0xcf) | 0x10);
	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, GA_CDCFG_REG, 0x80);
}

/*
 * Do the necessary ALSA-level cleanup to deallocate our driver ...
 */
static void soundscape_free(struct snd_card *c)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(c);
	release_and_free_resource(sscape->io_res);
	free_dma(sscape->chip->dma1);
}

/*
 * Tell the SoundScape to begin a DMA tranfer using the given channel.
 * All locking issues are left to the caller.
 */
static inline void sscape_start_dma_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg)
{
	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, reg, sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) | 0x01);
	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, reg, sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0xfe);
}

/*
 * Wait for a DMA transfer to complete. This is a "limited busy-wait",
 * and all locking issues are left to the caller.
 */
static int sscape_wait_dma_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg, unsigned timeout)
{
	while (!(sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0x01) && (timeout != 0)) {
		udelay(100);
		--timeout;
	} /* while */

	return (sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0x01);
}

/*
 * Wait for the On-Board Processor to return its start-up
 * acknowledgement sequence. This wait is too long for
 * us to perform "busy-waiting", and so we must sleep.
 * This in turn means that we must not be holding any
 * spinlocks when we call this function.
 */
static int obp_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
{
	while (timeout != 0) {
		unsigned long flags;
		unsigned char x;

		schedule_timeout(1);

		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
		x = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(s->io_base));
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
		if ((x & 0xfe) == 0xfe)
			return 1;

		--timeout;
	} /* while */

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Wait for the host to return its start-up acknowledgement
 * sequence. This wait is too long for us to perform
 * "busy-waiting", and so we must sleep. This in turn means
 * that we must not be holding any spinlocks when we call
 * this function.
 */
static int host_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
{
	while (timeout != 0) {
		unsigned long flags;
		unsigned char x;

		schedule_timeout(1);

		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
		x = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(s->io_base));
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
		if (x == 0xfe)
			return 1;

		--timeout;
	} /* while */

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Upload a byte-stream into the SoundScape using DMA channel A.
 */
static int upload_dma_data(struct soundscape *s,
                           const unsigned char __user *data,
                           size_t size)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	struct snd_dma_buffer dma;
	int ret;

	if (!get_dmabuf(&dma, PAGE_ALIGN(size)))
		return -ENOMEM;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);

	/*
	 * Reset the board ...
	 */
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) & 0x3f);

	/*
	 * Enable the DMA channels and configure them ...
	 */
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMACFG_REG, 0x50);
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, (s->chip->dma1 << 4) | DMA_8BIT);
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAB_REG, 0x20);

	/*
	 * Take the board out of reset ...
	 */
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) | 0x80);

	/*
	 * Upload the user's data (firmware?) to the SoundScape
	 * board through the DMA channel ...
	 */
	while (size != 0) {
		unsigned long len;

		/*
		 * Apparently, copying to/from userspace can sleep.
		 * We are therefore forbidden from holding any
		 * spinlocks while we copy ...
		 */
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);

		/*
		 * Remember that the data that we want to DMA
		 * comes from USERSPACE. We have already verified
		 * the userspace pointer ...
		 */
		len = min(size, dma.bytes);
		len -= __copy_from_user(dma.area, data, len);
		data += len;
		size -= len;

		/*
		 * Grab that spinlock again, now that we've
		 * finished copying!
		 */
		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);

		snd_dma_program(s->chip->dma1, dma.addr, len, DMA_MODE_WRITE);
		sscape_start_dma_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG);
		if (!sscape_wait_dma_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, 5000)) {
			/*
			 * Don't forget to release this spinlock we're holding ...
			 */
			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);

			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: DMA upload has timed out\n");
			ret = -EAGAIN;
			goto _release_dma;
		}
	} /* while */

	set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);

	/*
	 * Boot the board ... (I think)
	 */
	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) | 0x40);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);

	/*
	 * If all has gone well, then the board should acknowledge
	 * the new upload and tell us that it has rebooted OK. We
	 * give it 5 seconds (max) ...
	 */
	ret = 0;
	if (!obp_startup_ack(s, 5)) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No response from on-board processor after upload\n");
		ret = -EAGAIN;
	} else if (!host_startup_ack(s, 5)) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: SoundScape failed to initialise\n");
		ret = -EAGAIN;
	}

_release_dma:
	/*
	 * NOTE!!! We are NOT holding any spinlocks at this point !!!
	 */
	sscape_write(s, GA_DMAA_REG, (s->ic_type == IC_ODIE ? 0x70 : 0x40));
	free_dmabuf(&dma);

	return ret;
}

/*
 * Upload the bootblock(?) into the SoundScape. The only
 * purpose of this block of code seems to be to tell
 * us which version of the microcode we should be using.
 *
 * NOTE: The boot-block data resides in USER-SPACE!!!
 *       However, we have already verified its memory
 *       addresses by the time we get here.
 */
static int sscape_upload_bootblock(struct soundscape *sscape, struct sscape_bootblock __user *bb)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int data = 0;
	int ret;

	ret = upload_dma_data(sscape, bb->code, sizeof(bb->code));

	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->lock, flags);
	if (ret == 0) {
		data = host_read_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, 100);
	}
	set_midi_mode_unsafe(sscape->io_base);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->lock, flags);

	if (ret == 0) {
		if (data < 0) {
			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: timeout reading firmware version\n");
			ret = -EAGAIN;
		}
		else if (__copy_to_user(&bb->version, &data, sizeof(bb->version))) {
			ret = -EFAULT;
		}
	}

	return ret;
}

/*
 * Upload the microcode into the SoundScape. The
 * microcode is 64K of data, and if we try to copy
 * it into a local variable then we will SMASH THE
 * KERNEL'S STACK! We therefore leave it in USER
 * SPACE, and save ourselves from copying it at all.
 */
static int sscape_upload_microcode(struct soundscape *sscape,
                                   const struct sscape_microcode __user *mc)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	char __user *code;
	int err;

	/*
	 * We are going to have to copy this data into a special
	 * DMA-able buffer before we can upload it. We shall therefore
	 * just check that the data pointer is valid for now.
	 *
	 * NOTE: This buffer is 64K long! That's WAY too big to
	 *       copy into a stack-temporary anyway.
	 */
	if ( get_user(code, &mc->code) ||
	     !access_ok(VERIFY_READ, code, SSCAPE_MICROCODE_SIZE) )
		return -EFAULT;

	if ((err = upload_dma_data(sscape, code, SSCAPE_MICROCODE_SIZE)) == 0) {
		snd_printk(KERN_INFO "sscape: MIDI firmware loaded\n");
	}

	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->lock, flags);
	set_midi_mode_unsafe(sscape->io_base);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->lock, flags);

	initialise_mpu401(sscape->mpu);

	return err;
}

/*
 * Hardware-specific device functions, to implement special
 * IOCTLs for the SoundScape card. This is how we upload
 * the microcode into the card, for example, and so we
 * must ensure that no two processes can open this device
 * simultaneously, and that we can't open it at all if
 * someone is using the MIDI device.
 */
static int sscape_hw_open(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_hwdep_soundscape(hw);
	unsigned long flags;
	int err;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->fwlock, flags);

	if ((sscape->midi_usage != 0) || sscape->hw_in_use) {
		err = -EBUSY;
	} else {
		sscape->hw_in_use = 1;
		err = 0;
	}

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
	return err;
}

static int sscape_hw_release(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_hwdep_soundscape(hw);
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
	sscape->hw_in_use = 0;
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
	return 0;
}

static int sscape_hw_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file,
                           unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
	struct soundscape *sscape = get_hwdep_soundscape(hw);
	int err = -EBUSY;

	switch (cmd) {
	case SND_SSCAPE_LOAD_BOOTB:
		{
			register struct sscape_bootblock __user *bb = (struct sscape_bootblock __user *) arg;

			/*
			 * We are going to have to copy this data into a special
			 * DMA-able buffer before we can upload it. We shall therefore
			 * just check that the data pointer is valid for now ...
			 */
			if ( !access_ok(VERIFY_READ, bb->code, sizeof(bb->code)) )
				return -EFAULT;

			/*
			 * Now check that we can write the firmware version number too...
			 */
			if ( !access_ok(VERIFY_WRITE, &bb->version, sizeof(bb->version)) )
				return -EFAULT;

			err = sscape_upload_bootblock(sscape, bb);
		}
		break;

	case SND_SSCAPE_LOAD_MCODE:
		{
			register const struct sscape_microcode __user *mc = (const struct sscape_microcode __user *) arg;

			err = sscape_upload_microcode(sscape, mc);
		}
		break;

	default:
		err = -EINVAL;
		break;
	} /* switch */

	return err;
}


/*
 * Mixer control for the SoundScape's MIDI device.
 */
static int sscape_midi_info(struct snd_kcontrol *ctl,
                            struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
{
	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
	uinfo->count = 1;
	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
	return 0;
}

static int sscape_midi_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
                           struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uctl)
{
	struct snd_cs4231 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kctl);
	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
	register struct soundscape *s = get_card_soundscape(card);
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
	set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);

	if (host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_GET_MIDI_VOL, 100)) {
		uctl->value.integer.value[0] = host_read_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, 100);
	}

	set_midi_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
	return 0;
}

static int sscape_midi_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
                           struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uctl)
{
	struct snd_cs4231 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kctl);
	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
	register struct soundscape *s = get_card_soundscape(card);
	unsigned long flags;
	int change;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);

	/*
	 * We need to put the board into HOST mode before we
	 * can send any volume-changing HOST commands ...
	 */
	set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);

	/*
	 * To successfully change the MIDI volume setting, you seem to
	 * have to write a volume command, write the new volume value,
	 * and then perform another volume-related command. Perhaps the
	 * first command is an "open" and the second command is a "close"?
	 */
	if (s->midi_vol == ((unsigned char) uctl->value.integer. value[0] & 127)) {
		change = 0;
		goto __skip_change;
	}
	change = (host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL, 100)
	          && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, ((unsigned char) uctl->value.integer. value[0]) & 127, 100)
	          && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL, 100));
      __skip_change:

	/*
	 * Take the board out of HOST mode and back into MIDI mode ...
	 */
	set_midi_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
	return change;
}

static struct snd_kcontrol_new midi_mixer_ctl = {
	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
	.name = "MIDI",
	.info = sscape_midi_info,
	.get = sscape_midi_get,
	.put = sscape_midi_put
};

/*
 * The SoundScape can use two IRQs from a possible set of four.
 * These IRQs are encoded as bit patterns so that they can be
 * written to the control registers.
 */
static unsigned __devinit get_irq_config(int irq)
{
	static const int valid_irq[] = { 9, 5, 7, 10 };
	unsigned cfg;

	for (cfg = 0; cfg < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_irq); ++cfg) {
		if (irq == valid_irq[cfg])
			return cfg;
	} /* for */

	return INVALID_IRQ;
}


/*
 * Perform certain arcane port-checks to see whether there
 * is a SoundScape board lurking behind the given ports.
 */
static int __devinit detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned d;
	int retval = 0;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);

	/*
	 * The following code is lifted from the original OSS driver,
	 * and as I don't have a datasheet I cannot really comment
	 * on what it is doing...
	 */
	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x78) != 0)
		goto _done;

	d = inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0xf0;
	if ((d & 0x80) != 0)
		goto _done;

	if (d == 0) {
		s->codec_type = 1;
		s->ic_type = IC_ODIE;
	} else if ((d & 0x60) != 0) {
		s->codec_type = 2;
		s->ic_type = IC_OPUS;
	} else
		goto _done;

	outb(0xfa, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
	if ((inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x9f) != 0x0a)
		goto _done;

	outb(0xfe, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
	if ((inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x9f) != 0x0e)
		goto _done;
	if ((inb(ODIE_DATA_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x9f) != 0x0e)
		goto _done;

	/*
	 * SoundScape successfully detected!
	 */
	retval = 1;

	_done:
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
	return retval;
}

/*
 * ALSA callback function, called when attempting to open the MIDI device.
 * Check that the MIDI firmware has been loaded, because we don't want
 * to crash the machine. Also check that someone isn't using the hardware
 * IOCTL device.
 */
static int mpu401_open(struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
{
	int err;

	if (!verify_mpu401(mpu)) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: MIDI disabled, please load firmware\n");
		err = -ENODEV;
	} else {
		register struct soundscape *sscape = get_mpu401_soundscape(mpu);
		unsigned long flags;

		spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->fwlock, flags);

		if (sscape->hw_in_use || (sscape->midi_usage == ULONG_MAX)) {
			err = -EBUSY;
		} else {
			++(sscape->midi_usage);
			err = 0;
		}

		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
	}

	return err;
}

static void mpu401_close(struct snd_mpu401 * mpu)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_mpu401_soundscape(mpu);
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
	--(sscape->midi_usage);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->fwlock, flags);
}

/*
 * Initialse an MPU-401 subdevice for MIDI support on the SoundScape.
 */
static int __devinit create_mpu401(struct snd_card *card, int devnum, unsigned long port, int irq)
{
	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
	struct snd_rawmidi *rawmidi;
	int err;

	if ((err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, devnum,
	                               MPU401_HW_MPU401,
	                               port, MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED,
	                               irq, IRQF_DISABLED,
	                               &rawmidi)) == 0) {
		struct snd_mpu401 *mpu = (struct snd_mpu401 *) rawmidi->private_data;
		mpu->open_input = mpu401_open;
		mpu->open_output = mpu401_open;
		mpu->close_input = mpu401_close;
		mpu->close_output = mpu401_close;
		mpu->private_data = sscape;
		sscape->mpu = mpu;

		initialise_mpu401(mpu);
	}

	return err;
}


/*
 * Override for the CS4231 playback format function.
 * The AD1845 has much simpler format and rate selection.
 */
static void ad1845_playback_format(struct snd_cs4231 * chip, struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params, unsigned char format)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned rate = params_rate(params);

	/*
	 * The AD1845 can't handle sample frequencies
	 * outside of 4 kHZ to 50 kHZ
	 */
	if (rate > 50000)
		rate = 50000;
	else if (rate < 4000)
		rate = 4000;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);

	/*
	 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
	 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
	 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
	 * register is set.
	 * 
	 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
	 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
	 */
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, (format & 0xf0));
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB, (unsigned char) (rate >> 8));
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB, (unsigned char) rate);

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
}

/*
 * Override for the CS4231 capture format function. 
 * The AD1845 has much simpler format and rate selection.
 */
static void ad1845_capture_format(struct snd_cs4231 * chip, struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params, unsigned char format)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned rate = params_rate(params);

	/*
	 * The AD1845 can't handle sample frequencies 
	 * outside of 4 kHZ to 50 kHZ
	 */
	if (rate > 50000)
		rate = 50000;
	else if (rate < 4000)
		rate = 4000;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);

	/*
	 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
	 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
	 * the CAPTURE_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
	 * register is set.
	 *
	 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
	 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
	 */
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, (format & 0xf0));
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_MSB, (unsigned char) (rate >> 8));
	snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_FREQ_SEL_LSB, (unsigned char) rate);

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
}

/*
 * Create an AD1845 PCM subdevice on the SoundScape. The AD1845
 * is very much like a CS4231, with a few extra bits. We will
 * try to support at least some of the extra bits by overriding
 * some of the CS4231 callback.
 */
static int __devinit create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
				   int irq, int dma1, int dma2)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
	struct snd_cs4231 *chip;
	int err;

	if (dma1 == dma2)
		dma2 = -1;

	err = snd_cs4231_create(card,
				port, -1, irq, dma1, dma2,
				CS4231_HW_DETECT, CS4231_HWSHARE_DMA1, &chip);
	if (!err) {
		unsigned long flags;
		struct snd_pcm *pcm;

#define AD1845_FREQ_SEL_ENABLE  0x08

#define AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL   0x1b
#define AD1845_CRYS_CLOCK_SEL  0x1d

/*
 * It turns out that the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit is set
 * by the lowlevel driver ...
 *
#define AD1845_IFACE_CONFIG  \
           (CS4231_AUTOCALIB | CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE | CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE)
    snd_cs4231_mce_up(chip);
    spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
    snd_cs4231_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL, AD1845_IFACE_CONFIG);
    spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
    snd_cs4231_mce_down(chip);
 */

		/*
		 * The input clock frequency on the SoundScape must
		 * be 14.31818 MHz, because we must set this register
		 * to get the playback to sound correct ...
		 */
		snd_cs4231_mce_up(chip);
		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
		snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_CRYS_CLOCK_SEL, 0x20);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
		snd_cs4231_mce_down(chip);

		/*
		 * More custom configuration:
		 * a) select "mode 2", and provide a current drive of 8 mA
		 * b) enable frequency selection (for capture/playback)
		 */
		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
		snd_cs4231_out(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO, (CS4231_MODE2 | 0x10));
		snd_cs4231_out(chip, AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL, snd_cs4231_in(chip, AD1845_PWR_DOWN_CTRL) | AD1845_FREQ_SEL_ENABLE);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);

		if ((err = snd_cs4231_pcm(chip, 0, &pcm)) < 0) {
			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No PCM device for AD1845 chip\n");
			goto _error;
		}

		if ((err = snd_cs4231_mixer(chip)) < 0) {
			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No mixer device for AD1845 chip\n");
			goto _error;
		}

		if ((err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&midi_mixer_ctl, chip))) < 0) {
			snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Could not create MIDI mixer control\n");
			goto _error;
		}

		strcpy(card->driver, "SoundScape");
		strcpy(card->shortname, pcm->name);
		snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
			 "%s at 0x%lx, IRQ %d, DMA1 %d, DMA2 %d\n",
			 pcm->name, chip->port, chip->irq,
			 chip->dma1, chip->dma2);
		chip->set_playback_format = ad1845_playback_format;
		chip->set_capture_format = ad1845_capture_format;
		sscape->chip = chip;
	}

	_error:
	return err;
}


/*
 * Create an ALSA soundcard entry for the SoundScape, using
 * the given list of port, IRQ and DMA resources.
 */
static int __devinit create_sscape(int dev, struct snd_card *card)
{
	register struct soundscape *sscape;
	register unsigned dma_cfg;
	unsigned irq_cfg;
	unsigned mpu_irq_cfg;
	unsigned xport;
	struct resource *io_res;
	unsigned long flags;
	int err;

	/*
	 * Check that the user didn't pass us garbage data ...
	 */
	irq_cfg = get_irq_config(irq[dev]);
	if (irq_cfg == INVALID_IRQ) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Invalid IRQ %d\n", irq[dev]);
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	mpu_irq_cfg = get_irq_config(mpu_irq[dev]);
	if (mpu_irq_cfg == INVALID_IRQ) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Invalid IRQ %d\n", mpu_irq[dev]);
		return -ENXIO;
	}
	xport = port[dev];

	/*
	 * Grab IO ports that we will need to probe so that we
	 * can detect and control this hardware ...
	 */
	if ((io_res = request_region(xport, 8, "SoundScape")) == NULL) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: can't grab port 0x%x\n", xport);
		return -EBUSY;
	}

	/*
	 * Grab both DMA channels (OK, only one for now) ...
	 */
	err = request_dma(dma[dev], "SoundScape");
	if (err < 0) {
		snd_printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: can't grab DMA %d\n", dma[dev]);
		goto _release_region;
	}

	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
	spin_lock_init(&sscape->lock);
	spin_lock_init(&sscape->fwlock);
	sscape->io_res = io_res;
	sscape->io_base = xport;

	if (!detect_sscape(sscape)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: hardware not detected at 0x%x\n", sscape->io_base);
		err = -ENODEV;
		goto _release_dma;
	}

	printk(KERN_INFO "sscape: hardware detected at 0x%x, using IRQ %d, DMA %d\n",
			 sscape->io_base, irq[dev], dma[dev]);

	/*
	 * Now create the hardware-specific device so that we can
	 * load the microcode into the on-board processor.
	 * We cannot use the MPU-401 MIDI system until this firmware
	 * has been loaded into the card.
	 */
	if ((err = snd_hwdep_new(card, "MC68EC000", 0, &(sscape->hw))) < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to create firmware device\n");
		goto _release_dma;
	}
	strlcpy(sscape->hw->name, "SoundScape M68K", sizeof(sscape->hw->name));
	sscape->hw->name[sizeof(sscape->hw->name) - 1] = '\0';
	sscape->hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_SSCAPE;
	sscape->hw->ops.open = sscape_hw_open;
	sscape->hw->ops.release = sscape_hw_release;
	sscape->hw->ops.ioctl = sscape_hw_ioctl;
	sscape->hw->private_data = sscape;

	/*
	 * Tell the on-board devices where their resources are (I think -
	 * I can't be sure without a datasheet ... So many magic values!)
	 */
	spin_lock_irqsave(&sscape->lock, flags);

	activate_ad1845_unsafe(sscape->io_base);

	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_INTENA_REG, 0x00); /* disable */
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_SMCFGA_REG, 0x2e);
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_SMCFGB_REG, 0x00);

	/*
	 * Enable and configure the DMA channels ...
	 */
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMACFG_REG, 0x50);
	dma_cfg = (sscape->ic_type == IC_ODIE ? 0x70 : 0x40);
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, dma_cfg);
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMAB_REG, 0x20);

	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base,
	                    GA_INTCFG_REG, 0xf0 | (mpu_irq_cfg << 2) | mpu_irq_cfg);
	sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base,
			    GA_CDCFG_REG, 0x09 | DMA_8BIT
			    | (dma[dev] << 4) | (irq_cfg << 1));

	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sscape->lock, flags);

	/*
	 * We have now enabled the codec chip, and so we should
	 * detect the AD1845 device ...
	 */
	err = create_ad1845(card, wss_port[dev], irq[dev],
			    dma[dev], dma2[dev]);
	if (err < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: No AD1845 device at 0x%lx, IRQ %d\n",
		       wss_port[dev], irq[dev]);
		goto _release_dma;
	}
#define MIDI_DEVNUM  0
	if ((err = create_mpu401(card, MIDI_DEVNUM, MPU401_IO(xport), mpu_irq[dev])) < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to create MPU-401 device at 0x%x\n",
		                MPU401_IO(xport));
		goto _release_dma;
	}

	/*
	 * Enable the master IRQ ...
	 */
	sscape_write(sscape, GA_INTENA_REG, 0x80);

	/*
	 * Initialize mixer
	 */
	sscape->midi_vol = 0;
	host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL, 100);
	host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, 0, 100);
	host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL, 100);

	/*
	 * Now that we have successfully created this sound card,
	 * it is safe to store the pointer.
	 * NOTE: we only register the sound card's "destructor"
	 *       function now that our "constructor" has completed.
	 */
	card->private_free = soundscape_free;

	return 0;

_release_dma:
	free_dma(dma[dev]);

_release_region:
	release_and_free_resource(io_res);

	return err;
}


static int __devinit snd_sscape_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int i)
{
	/*
	 * Make sure we were given ALL of the other parameters.
	 */
	if (port[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
		return 0;

	if (irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ ||
	    mpu_irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ ||
	    dma[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
		printk(KERN_INFO
		       "sscape: insufficient parameters, need IO, IRQ, MPU-IRQ and DMA\n");
		return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

static int __devinit snd_sscape_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
{
	struct snd_card *card;
	struct soundscape *sscape;
	int ret;

	card = snd_card_new(index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
			    sizeof(struct soundscape));
	if (!card)
		return -ENOMEM;

	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
	sscape->type = SSCAPE;

	dma[dev] &= 0x03;
	ret = create_sscape(dev, card);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto _release_card;

	snd_card_set_dev(card, pdev);
	if ((ret = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to register sound card\n");
		goto _release_card;
	}
	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
	return 0;

_release_card:
	snd_card_free(card);
	return ret;
}

static int __devexit snd_sscape_remove(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
{
	snd_card_free(dev_get_drvdata(devptr));
	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, NULL);
	return 0;
}

#define DEV_NAME "sscape"

static struct isa_driver snd_sscape_driver = {
	.match		= snd_sscape_match,
	.probe		= snd_sscape_probe,
	.remove		= __devexit_p(snd_sscape_remove),
	/* FIXME: suspend/resume */
	.driver		= {
		.name	= DEV_NAME
	},
};

#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
static inline int __devinit get_next_autoindex(int i)
{
	while (i < SNDRV_CARDS && port[i] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
		++i;
	return i;
}


static int __devinit sscape_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
				       const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
{
	static int idx = 0;
	struct pnp_dev *dev;
	struct snd_card *card;
	struct soundscape *sscape;
	int ret;

	/*
	 * Allow this function to fail *quietly* if all the ISA PnP
	 * devices were configured using module parameters instead.
	 */
	if ((idx = get_next_autoindex(idx)) >= SNDRV_CARDS)
		return -ENOSPC;

	/*
	 * We have found a candidate ISA PnP card. Now we
	 * have to check that it has the devices that we
	 * expect it to have.
	 *
	 * We will NOT try and autoconfigure all of the resources
	 * needed and then activate the card as we are assuming that
	 * has already been done at boot-time using /proc/isapnp.
	 * We shall simply try to give each active card the resources
	 * that it wants. This is a sensible strategy for a modular
	 * system where unused modules are unloaded regularly.
	 *
	 * This strategy is utterly useless if we compile the driver
	 * into the kernel, of course.
	 */
	// printk(KERN_INFO "sscape: %s\n", card->name);

	/*
	 * Check that we still have room for another sound card ...
	 */
	dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
	if (! dev)
		return -ENODEV;

	if (!pnp_is_active(dev)) {
		if (pnp_activate_dev(dev) < 0) {
			printk(KERN_INFO "sscape: device is inactive\n");
			return -EBUSY;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Create a new ALSA sound card entry, in anticipation
	 * of detecting our hardware ...
	 */
	card = snd_card_new(index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
			    sizeof(struct soundscape));
	if (!card)
		return -ENOMEM;

	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);

	/*
	 * Identify card model ...
	 */
	if (!strncmp("ENS4081", pid->id, 7))
		sscape->type = SSCAPE_VIVO;
	else
		sscape->type = SSCAPE_PNP;

	/* VIVO fails for now */
	if (sscape->type == SSCAPE_VIVO) {
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto _release_card;
	}

	/*
	 * Read the correct parameters off the ISA PnP bus ...
	 */
	port[idx] = pnp_port_start(dev, 0);
	irq[idx] = pnp_irq(dev, 0);
	mpu_irq[idx] = pnp_irq(dev, 1);
	dma[idx] = pnp_dma(dev, 0) & 0x03;
	dma2[idx] = dma[idx];
	wss_port[idx] = CODEC_IO(port[idx]);

	ret = create_sscape(idx, card);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto _release_card;

	snd_card_set_dev(card, &pcard->card->dev);
	if ((ret = snd_card_register(card)) < 0) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "sscape: Failed to register sound card\n");
		goto _release_card;
	}

	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
	++idx;
	return 0;

_release_card:
	snd_card_free(card);
	return ret;
}

static void __devexit sscape_pnp_remove(struct pnp_card_link * pcard)
{
	snd_card_free(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, NULL);
}

static struct pnp_card_driver sscape_pnpc_driver = {
	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DO_NOT_CHANGE,
	.name = "sscape",
	.id_table = sscape_pnpids,
	.probe = sscape_pnp_detect,
	.remove = __devexit_p(sscape_pnp_remove),
};

#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */

static int __init sscape_init(void)
{
	int err;

	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_sscape_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
	if (!err)
		isa_registered = 1;

	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&sscape_pnpc_driver);
	if (!err)
		pnp_registered = 1;

	if (isa_registered)
		err = 0;
#endif
	return err;
}

static void __exit sscape_exit(void)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
	if (pnp_registered)
		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&sscape_pnpc_driver);
	if (isa_registered)
#endif
		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_sscape_driver);
}

module_init(sscape_init);
module_exit(sscape_exit);