aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/tools/perf/util/dwarf-aux.c
blob: fddf40f30d3ebc3670858946610687144c67a361 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
/*
 * dwarf-aux.c : libdw auxiliary interfaces
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 *
 */

#include <stdbool.h>
#include "util.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "dwarf-aux.h"

/**
 * cu_find_realpath - Find the realpath of the target file
 * @cu_die: A DIE(dwarf information entry) of CU(compilation Unit)
 * @fname:  The tail filename of the target file
 *
 * Find the real(long) path of @fname in @cu_die.
 */
const char *cu_find_realpath(Dwarf_Die *cu_die, const char *fname)
{
	Dwarf_Files *files;
	size_t nfiles, i;
	const char *src = NULL;
	int ret;

	if (!fname)
		return NULL;

	ret = dwarf_getsrcfiles(cu_die, &files, &nfiles);
	if (ret != 0)
		return NULL;

	for (i = 0; i < nfiles; i++) {
		src = dwarf_filesrc(files, i, NULL, NULL);
		if (strtailcmp(src, fname) == 0)
			break;
	}
	if (i == nfiles)
		return NULL;
	return src;
}

/**
 * cu_get_comp_dir - Get the path of compilation directory
 * @cu_die: a CU DIE
 *
 * Get the path of compilation directory of given @cu_die.
 * Since this depends on DW_AT_comp_dir, older gcc will not
 * embedded it. In that case, this returns NULL.
 */
const char *cu_get_comp_dir(Dwarf_Die *cu_die)
{
	Dwarf_Attribute attr;
	if (dwarf_attr(cu_die, DW_AT_comp_dir, &attr) == NULL)
		return NULL;
	return dwarf_formstring(&attr);
}

/**
 * cu_find_lineinfo - Get a line number and file name for given address
 * @cu_die: a CU DIE
 * @addr: An address
 * @fname: a pointer which returns the file name string
 * @lineno: a pointer which returns the line number
 *
 * Find a line number and file name for @addr in @cu_die.
 */
int cu_find_lineinfo(Dwarf_Die *cu_die, unsigned long addr,
		    const char **fname, int *lineno)
{
	Dwarf_Line *line;
	Dwarf_Addr laddr;

	line = dwarf_getsrc_die(cu_die, (Dwarf_Addr)addr);
	if (line && dwarf_lineaddr(line, &laddr) == 0 &&
	    addr == (unsigned long)laddr && dwarf_lineno(line, lineno) == 0) {
		*fname = dwarf_linesrc(line, NULL, NULL);
		if (!*fname)
			/* line number is useless without filename */
			*lineno = 0;
	}

	return *lineno ?: -ENOENT;
}

/**
 * die_compare_name - Compare diename and tname
 * @dw_die: a DIE
 * @tname: a string of target name
 *
 * Compare the name of @dw_die and @tname. Return false if @dw_die has no name.
 */
bool die_compare_name(Dwarf_Die *dw_die, const char *tname)
{
	const char *name;
	name = dwarf_diename(dw_die);
	return name ? (strcmp(tname, name) == 0) : false;
}

/**
 * die_get_call_lineno - Get callsite line number of inline-function instance
 * @in_die: a DIE of an inlined function instance
 *
 * Get call-site line number of @in_die. This means from where the inline
 * function is called.
 */
int die_get_call_lineno(Dwarf_Die *in_die)
{
	Dwarf_Attribute attr;
	Dwarf_Word ret;

	if (!dwarf_attr(in_die, DW_AT_call_line, &attr))
		return -ENOENT;

	dwarf_formudata(&attr, &ret);
	return (int)ret;
}

/**
 * die_get_type - Get type DIE
 * @vr_die: a DIE of a variable
 * @die_mem: where to store a type DIE
 *
 * Get a DIE of the type of given variable (@vr_die), and store
 * it to die_mem. Return NULL if fails to get a type DIE.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_get_type(Dwarf_Die *vr_die, Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	Dwarf_Attribute attr;

	if (dwarf_attr_integrate(vr_die, DW_AT_type, &attr) &&
	    dwarf_formref_die(&attr, die_mem))
		return die_mem;
	else
		return NULL;
}

/* Get a type die, but skip qualifiers */
static Dwarf_Die *__die_get_real_type(Dwarf_Die *vr_die, Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	int tag;

	do {
		vr_die = die_get_type(vr_die, die_mem);
		if (!vr_die)
			break;
		tag = dwarf_tag(vr_die);
	} while (tag == DW_TAG_const_type ||
		 tag == DW_TAG_restrict_type ||
		 tag == DW_TAG_volatile_type ||
		 tag == DW_TAG_shared_type);

	return vr_die;
}

/**
 * die_get_real_type - Get a type die, but skip qualifiers and typedef
 * @vr_die: a DIE of a variable
 * @die_mem: where to store a type DIE
 *
 * Get a DIE of the type of given variable (@vr_die), and store
 * it to die_mem. Return NULL if fails to get a type DIE.
 * If the type is qualifiers (e.g. const) or typedef, this skips it
 * and tries to find real type (structure or basic types, e.g. int).
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_get_real_type(Dwarf_Die *vr_die, Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	do {
		vr_die = __die_get_real_type(vr_die, die_mem);
	} while (vr_die && dwarf_tag(vr_die) == DW_TAG_typedef);

	return vr_die;
}

/* Get attribute and translate it as a udata */
static int die_get_attr_udata(Dwarf_Die *tp_die, unsigned int attr_name,
			      Dwarf_Word *result)
{
	Dwarf_Attribute attr;

	if (dwarf_attr(tp_die, attr_name, &attr) == NULL ||
	    dwarf_formudata(&attr, result) != 0)
		return -ENOENT;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * die_is_signed_type - Check whether a type DIE is signed or not
 * @tp_die: a DIE of a type
 *
 * Get the encoding of @tp_die and return true if the encoding
 * is signed.
 */
bool die_is_signed_type(Dwarf_Die *tp_die)
{
	Dwarf_Word ret;

	if (die_get_attr_udata(tp_die, DW_AT_encoding, &ret))
		return false;

	return (ret == DW_ATE_signed_char || ret == DW_ATE_signed ||
		ret == DW_ATE_signed_fixed);
}

/**
 * die_get_data_member_location - Get the data-member offset
 * @mb_die: a DIE of a member of a data structure
 * @offs: The offset of the member in the data structure
 *
 * Get the offset of @mb_die in the data structure including @mb_die, and
 * stores result offset to @offs. If any error occurs this returns errno.
 */
int die_get_data_member_location(Dwarf_Die *mb_die, Dwarf_Word *offs)
{
	Dwarf_Attribute attr;
	Dwarf_Op *expr;
	size_t nexpr;
	int ret;

	if (dwarf_attr(mb_die, DW_AT_data_member_location, &attr) == NULL)
		return -ENOENT;

	if (dwarf_formudata(&attr, offs) != 0) {
		/* DW_AT_data_member_location should be DW_OP_plus_uconst */
		ret = dwarf_getlocation(&attr, &expr, &nexpr);
		if (ret < 0 || nexpr == 0)
			return -ENOENT;

		if (expr[0].atom != DW_OP_plus_uconst || nexpr != 1) {
			pr_debug("Unable to get offset:Unexpected OP %x (%zd)\n",
				 expr[0].atom, nexpr);
			return -ENOTSUP;
		}
		*offs = (Dwarf_Word)expr[0].number;
	}
	return 0;
}

/**
 * die_find_child - Generic DIE search function in DIE tree
 * @rt_die: a root DIE
 * @callback: a callback function
 * @data: a user data passed to the callback function
 * @die_mem: a buffer for result DIE
 *
 * Trace DIE tree from @rt_die and call @callback for each child DIE.
 * If @callback returns DIE_FIND_CB_END, this stores the DIE into
 * @die_mem and returns it. If @callback returns DIE_FIND_CB_CONTINUE,
 * this continues to trace the tree. Optionally, @callback can return
 * DIE_FIND_CB_CHILD and DIE_FIND_CB_SIBLING, those means trace only
 * the children and trace only the siblings respectively.
 * Returns NULL if @callback can't find any appropriate DIE.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_find_child(Dwarf_Die *rt_die,
			  int (*callback)(Dwarf_Die *, void *),
			  void *data, Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	Dwarf_Die child_die;
	int ret;

	ret = dwarf_child(rt_die, die_mem);
	if (ret != 0)
		return NULL;

	do {
		ret = callback(die_mem, data);
		if (ret == DIE_FIND_CB_END)
			return die_mem;

		if ((ret & DIE_FIND_CB_CHILD) &&
		    die_find_child(die_mem, callback, data, &child_die)) {
			memcpy(die_mem, &child_die, sizeof(Dwarf_Die));
			return die_mem;
		}
	} while ((ret & DIE_FIND_CB_SIBLING) &&
		 dwarf_siblingof(die_mem, die_mem) == 0);

	return NULL;
}

struct __addr_die_search_param {
	Dwarf_Addr	addr;
	Dwarf_Die	*die_mem;
};

/* die_find callback for non-inlined function search */
static int __die_search_func_cb(Dwarf_Die *fn_die, void *data)
{
	struct __addr_die_search_param *ad = data;

	if (dwarf_tag(fn_die) == DW_TAG_subprogram &&
	    dwarf_haspc(fn_die, ad->addr)) {
		memcpy(ad->die_mem, fn_die, sizeof(Dwarf_Die));
		return DWARF_CB_ABORT;
	}
	return DWARF_CB_OK;
}

/**
 * die_find_realfunc - Search a non-inlined function at given address
 * @cu_die: a CU DIE which including @addr
 * @addr: target address
 * @die_mem: a buffer for result DIE
 *
 * Search a non-inlined function DIE which includes @addr. Stores the
 * DIE to @die_mem and returns it if found. Returns NULl if failed.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_find_realfunc(Dwarf_Die *cu_die, Dwarf_Addr addr,
				    Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	struct __addr_die_search_param ad;
	ad.addr = addr;
	ad.die_mem = die_mem;
	/* dwarf_getscopes can't find subprogram. */
	if (!dwarf_getfuncs(cu_die, __die_search_func_cb, &ad, 0))
		return NULL;
	else
		return die_mem;
}

/* die_find callback for inline function search */
static int __die_find_inline_cb(Dwarf_Die *die_mem, void *data)
{
	Dwarf_Addr *addr = data;

	if (dwarf_tag(die_mem) == DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine &&
	    dwarf_haspc(die_mem, *addr))
		return DIE_FIND_CB_END;

	return DIE_FIND_CB_CONTINUE;
}

/**
 * die_find_inlinefunc - Search an inlined function at given address
 * @cu_die: a CU DIE which including @addr
 * @addr: target address
 * @die_mem: a buffer for result DIE
 *
 * Search an inlined function DIE which includes @addr. Stores the
 * DIE to @die_mem and returns it if found. Returns NULl if failed.
 * If several inlined functions are expanded recursively, this trace
 * it and returns deepest one.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_find_inlinefunc(Dwarf_Die *sp_die, Dwarf_Addr addr,
			       Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	Dwarf_Die tmp_die;

	sp_die = die_find_child(sp_die, __die_find_inline_cb, &addr, &tmp_die);
	if (!sp_die)
		return NULL;

	/* Inlined function could be recursive. Trace it until fail */
	while (sp_die) {
		memcpy(die_mem, sp_die, sizeof(Dwarf_Die));
		sp_die = die_find_child(sp_die, __die_find_inline_cb, &addr,
					&tmp_die);
	}

	return die_mem;
}

/* Line walker internal parameters */
struct __line_walk_param {
	const char *fname;
	line_walk_callback_t callback;
	void *data;
	int retval;
};

static int __die_walk_funclines_cb(Dwarf_Die *in_die, void *data)
{
	struct __line_walk_param *lw = data;
	Dwarf_Addr addr;
	int lineno;

	if (dwarf_tag(in_die) == DW_TAG_inlined_subroutine) {
		lineno = die_get_call_lineno(in_die);
		if (lineno > 0 && dwarf_entrypc(in_die, &addr) == 0) {
			lw->retval = lw->callback(lw->fname, lineno, addr,
						  lw->data);
			if (lw->retval != 0)
				return DIE_FIND_CB_END;
		}
	}
	return DIE_FIND_CB_SIBLING;
}

/* Walk on lines of blocks included in given DIE */
static int __die_walk_funclines(Dwarf_Die *sp_die,
				line_walk_callback_t callback, void *data)
{
	struct __line_walk_param lw = {
		.callback = callback,
		.data = data,
		.retval = 0,
	};
	Dwarf_Die die_mem;
	Dwarf_Addr addr;
	int lineno;

	/* Handle function declaration line */
	lw.fname = dwarf_decl_file(sp_die);
	if (lw.fname && dwarf_decl_line(sp_die, &lineno) == 0 &&
	    dwarf_entrypc(sp_die, &addr) == 0) {
		lw.retval = callback(lw.fname, lineno, addr, data);
		if (lw.retval != 0)
			goto done;
	}
	die_find_child(sp_die, __die_walk_funclines_cb, &lw, &die_mem);
done:
	return lw.retval;
}

static int __die_walk_culines_cb(Dwarf_Die *sp_die, void *data)
{
	struct __line_walk_param *lw = data;

	lw->retval = __die_walk_funclines(sp_die, lw->callback, lw->data);
	if (lw->retval != 0)
		return DWARF_CB_ABORT;

	return DWARF_CB_OK;
}

/**
 * die_walk_lines - Walk on lines inside given DIE
 * @rt_die: a root DIE (CU or subprogram)
 * @callback: callback routine
 * @data: user data
 *
 * Walk on all lines inside given @rt_die and call @callback on each line.
 * If the @rt_die is a function, walk only on the lines inside the function,
 * otherwise @rt_die must be a CU DIE.
 * Note that this walks not only dwarf line list, but also function entries
 * and inline call-site.
 */
int die_walk_lines(Dwarf_Die *rt_die, line_walk_callback_t callback, void *data)
{
	Dwarf_Lines *lines;
	Dwarf_Line *line;
	Dwarf_Addr addr;
	const char *fname;
	int lineno, ret = 0;
	Dwarf_Die die_mem, *cu_die;
	size_t nlines, i;

	/* Get the CU die */
	if (dwarf_tag(rt_die) == DW_TAG_subprogram)
		cu_die = dwarf_diecu(rt_die, &die_mem, NULL, NULL);
	else
		cu_die = rt_die;
	if (!cu_die) {
		pr_debug2("Failed to get CU from subprogram\n");
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	/* Get lines list in the CU */
	if (dwarf_getsrclines(cu_die, &lines, &nlines) != 0) {
		pr_debug2("Failed to get source lines on this CU.\n");
		return -ENOENT;
	}
	pr_debug2("Get %zd lines from this CU\n", nlines);

	/* Walk on the lines on lines list */
	for (i = 0; i < nlines; i++) {
		line = dwarf_onesrcline(lines, i);
		if (line == NULL ||
		    dwarf_lineno(line, &lineno) != 0 ||
		    dwarf_lineaddr(line, &addr) != 0) {
			pr_debug2("Failed to get line info. "
				  "Possible error in debuginfo.\n");
			continue;
		}
		/* Filter lines based on address */
		if (rt_die != cu_die)
			/*
			 * Address filtering
			 * The line is included in given function, and
			 * no inline block includes it.
			 */
			if (!dwarf_haspc(rt_die, addr) ||
			    die_find_inlinefunc(rt_die, addr, &die_mem))
				continue;
		/* Get source line */
		fname = dwarf_linesrc(line, NULL, NULL);

		ret = callback(fname, lineno, addr, data);
		if (ret != 0)
			return ret;
	}

	/*
	 * Dwarf lines doesn't include function declarations and inlined
	 * subroutines. We have to check functions list or given function.
	 */
	if (rt_die != cu_die)
		ret = __die_walk_funclines(rt_die, callback, data);
	else {
		struct __line_walk_param param = {
			.callback = callback,
			.data = data,
			.retval = 0,
		};
		dwarf_getfuncs(cu_die, __die_walk_culines_cb, &param, 0);
		ret = param.retval;
	}

	return ret;
}

struct __find_variable_param {
	const char *name;
	Dwarf_Addr addr;
};

static int __die_find_variable_cb(Dwarf_Die *die_mem, void *data)
{
	struct __find_variable_param *fvp = data;
	int tag;

	tag = dwarf_tag(die_mem);
	if ((tag == DW_TAG_formal_parameter ||
	     tag == DW_TAG_variable) &&
	    die_compare_name(die_mem, fvp->name))
		return DIE_FIND_CB_END;

	if (dwarf_haspc(die_mem, fvp->addr))
		return DIE_FIND_CB_CONTINUE;
	else
		return DIE_FIND_CB_SIBLING;
}

/**
 * die_find_variable_at - Find a given name variable at given address
 * @sp_die: a function DIE
 * @name: variable name
 * @addr: address
 * @die_mem: a buffer for result DIE
 *
 * Find a variable DIE called @name at @addr in @sp_die.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_find_variable_at(Dwarf_Die *sp_die, const char *name,
				Dwarf_Addr addr, Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	struct __find_variable_param fvp = { .name = name, .addr = addr};

	return die_find_child(sp_die, __die_find_variable_cb, (void *)&fvp,
			      die_mem);
}

static int __die_find_member_cb(Dwarf_Die *die_mem, void *data)
{
	const char *name = data;

	if ((dwarf_tag(die_mem) == DW_TAG_member) &&
	    die_compare_name(die_mem, name))
		return DIE_FIND_CB_END;

	return DIE_FIND_CB_SIBLING;
}

/**
 * die_find_member - Find a given name member in a data structure
 * @st_die: a data structure type DIE
 * @name: member name
 * @die_mem: a buffer for result DIE
 *
 * Find a member DIE called @name in @st_die.
 */
Dwarf_Die *die_find_member(Dwarf_Die *st_die, const char *name,
			   Dwarf_Die *die_mem)
{
	return die_find_child(st_die, __die_find_member_cb, (void *)name,
			      die_mem);
}

/**
 * die_get_typename - Get the name of given variable DIE
 * @vr_die: a variable DIE
 * @buf: a buffer for result type name
 * @len: a max-length of @buf
 *
 * Get the name of @vr_die and stores it to @buf. Return the actual length
 * of type name if succeeded. Return -E2BIG if @len is not enough long, and
 * Return -ENOENT if failed to find type name.
 * Note that the result will stores typedef name if possible, and stores
 * "*(function_type)" if the type is a function pointer.
 */
int die_get_typename(Dwarf_Die *vr_die, char *buf, int len)
{
	Dwarf_Die type;
	int tag, ret, ret2;
	const char *tmp = "";

	if (__die_get_real_type(vr_die, &type) == NULL)
		return -ENOENT;

	tag = dwarf_tag(&type);
	if (tag == DW_TAG_array_type || tag == DW_TAG_pointer_type)
		tmp = "*";
	else if (tag == DW_TAG_subroutine_type) {
		/* Function pointer */
		ret = snprintf(buf, len, "(function_type)");
		return (ret >= len) ? -E2BIG : ret;
	} else {
		if (!dwarf_diename(&type))
			return -ENOENT;
		if (tag == DW_TAG_union_type)
			tmp = "union ";
		else if (tag == DW_TAG_structure_type)
			tmp = "struct ";
		/* Write a base name */
		ret = snprintf(buf, len, "%s%s", tmp, dwarf_diename(&type));
		return (ret >= len) ? -E2BIG : ret;
	}
	ret = die_get_typename(&type, buf, len);
	if (ret > 0) {
		ret2 = snprintf(buf + ret, len - ret, "%s", tmp);
		ret = (ret2 >= len - ret) ? -E2BIG : ret2 + ret;
	}
	return ret;
}

/**
 * die_get_varname - Get the name and type of given variable DIE
 * @vr_die: a variable DIE
 * @buf: a buffer for type and variable name
 * @len: the max-length of @buf
 *
 * Get the name and type of @vr_die and stores it in @buf as "type\tname".
 */
int die_get_varname(Dwarf_Die *vr_die, char *buf, int len)
{
	int ret, ret2;

	ret = die_get_typename(vr_die, buf, len);
	if (ret < 0) {
		pr_debug("Failed to get type, make it unknown.\n");
		ret = snprintf(buf, len, "(unknown_type)");
	}
	if (ret > 0) {
		ret2 = snprintf(buf + ret, len - ret, "\t%s",
				dwarf_diename(vr_die));
		ret = (ret2 >= len - ret) ? -E2BIG : ret2 + ret;
	}
	return ret;
}