aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/block/blk-merge.c
blob: 182398cb152490d96b7e48c4fd74f11657c8e665 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
/*
 * Functions related to segment and merge handling
 */
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/bio.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>

#include <trace/events/block.h>

#include "blk.h"

static struct bio *blk_bio_discard_split(struct request_queue *q,
					 struct bio *bio,
					 struct bio_set *bs,
					 unsigned *nsegs)
{
	unsigned int max_discard_sectors, granularity;
	int alignment;
	sector_t tmp;
	unsigned split_sectors;

	*nsegs = 1;

	/* Zero-sector (unknown) and one-sector granularities are the same.  */
	granularity = max(q->limits.discard_granularity >> 9, 1U);

	max_discard_sectors = min(q->limits.max_discard_sectors, UINT_MAX >> 9);
	max_discard_sectors -= max_discard_sectors % granularity;

	if (unlikely(!max_discard_sectors)) {
		/* XXX: warn */
		return NULL;
	}

	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= max_discard_sectors)
		return NULL;

	split_sectors = max_discard_sectors;

	/*
	 * If the next starting sector would be misaligned, stop the discard at
	 * the previous aligned sector.
	 */
	alignment = (q->limits.discard_alignment >> 9) % granularity;

	tmp = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector + split_sectors - alignment;
	tmp = sector_div(tmp, granularity);

	if (split_sectors > tmp)
		split_sectors -= tmp;

	return bio_split(bio, split_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
}

static struct bio *blk_bio_write_same_split(struct request_queue *q,
					    struct bio *bio,
					    struct bio_set *bs,
					    unsigned *nsegs)
{
	*nsegs = 1;

	if (!q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
		return NULL;

	if (bio_sectors(bio) <= q->limits.max_write_same_sectors)
		return NULL;

	return bio_split(bio, q->limits.max_write_same_sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
}

static inline unsigned get_max_io_size(struct request_queue *q,
				       struct bio *bio)
{
	unsigned sectors = blk_max_size_offset(q, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
	unsigned mask = queue_logical_block_size(q) - 1;

	/* aligned to logical block size */
	sectors &= ~(mask >> 9);

	return sectors;
}

static struct bio *blk_bio_segment_split(struct request_queue *q,
					 struct bio *bio,
					 struct bio_set *bs,
					 unsigned *segs)
{
	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv, *bvprvp = NULL;
	struct bvec_iter iter;
	unsigned seg_size = 0, nsegs = 0, sectors = 0;
	unsigned front_seg_size = bio->bi_seg_front_size;
	bool do_split = true;
	struct bio *new = NULL;
	const unsigned max_sectors = get_max_io_size(q, bio);
	unsigned bvecs = 0;

	bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
		/*
		 * With arbitrary bio size, the incoming bio may be very
		 * big. We have to split the bio into small bios so that
		 * each holds at most BIO_MAX_PAGES bvecs because
		 * bio_clone() can fail to allocate big bvecs.
		 *
		 * It should have been better to apply the limit per
		 * request queue in which bio_clone() is involved,
		 * instead of globally. The biggest blocker is the
		 * bio_clone() in bio bounce.
		 *
		 * If bio is splitted by this reason, we should have
		 * allowed to continue bios merging, but don't do
		 * that now for making the change simple.
		 *
		 * TODO: deal with bio bounce's bio_clone() gracefully
		 * and convert the global limit into per-queue limit.
		 */
		if (bvecs++ >= BIO_MAX_PAGES)
			goto split;

		/*
		 * If the queue doesn't support SG gaps and adding this
		 * offset would create a gap, disallow it.
		 */
		if (bvprvp && bvec_gap_to_prev(q, bvprvp, bv.bv_offset))
			goto split;

		if (sectors + (bv.bv_len >> 9) > max_sectors) {
			/*
			 * Consider this a new segment if we're splitting in
			 * the middle of this vector.
			 */
			if (nsegs < queue_max_segments(q) &&
			    sectors < max_sectors) {
				nsegs++;
				sectors = max_sectors;
			}
			if (sectors)
				goto split;
			/* Make this single bvec as the 1st segment */
		}

		if (bvprvp && blk_queue_cluster(q)) {
			if (seg_size + bv.bv_len > queue_max_segment_size(q))
				goto new_segment;
			if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprvp, &bv))
				goto new_segment;
			if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprvp, &bv))
				goto new_segment;

			seg_size += bv.bv_len;
			bvprv = bv;
			bvprvp = &bvprv;
			sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;

			if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
				front_seg_size = seg_size;
			continue;
		}
new_segment:
		if (nsegs == queue_max_segments(q))
			goto split;

		nsegs++;
		bvprv = bv;
		bvprvp = &bvprv;
		seg_size = bv.bv_len;
		sectors += bv.bv_len >> 9;

		if (nsegs == 1 && seg_size > front_seg_size)
			front_seg_size = seg_size;
	}

	do_split = false;
split:
	*segs = nsegs;

	if (do_split) {
		new = bio_split(bio, sectors, GFP_NOIO, bs);
		if (new)
			bio = new;
	}

	bio->bi_seg_front_size = front_seg_size;
	if (seg_size > bio->bi_seg_back_size)
		bio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;

	return do_split ? new : NULL;
}

void blk_queue_split(struct request_queue *q, struct bio **bio,
		     struct bio_set *bs)
{
	struct bio *split, *res;
	unsigned nsegs;

	switch (bio_op(*bio)) {
	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
		split = blk_bio_discard_split(q, *bio, bs, &nsegs);
		break;
	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
		split = NULL;
		nsegs = (*bio)->bi_phys_segments;
		break;
	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
		split = blk_bio_write_same_split(q, *bio, bs, &nsegs);
		break;
	default:
		split = blk_bio_segment_split(q, *bio, q->bio_split, &nsegs);
		break;
	}

	/* physical segments can be figured out during splitting */
	res = split ? split : *bio;
	res->bi_phys_segments = nsegs;
	bio_set_flag(res, BIO_SEG_VALID);

	if (split) {
		/* there isn't chance to merge the splitted bio */
		split->bi_opf |= REQ_NOMERGE;

		bio_chain(split, *bio);
		trace_block_split(q, split, (*bio)->bi_iter.bi_sector);
		generic_make_request(*bio);
		*bio = split;
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_queue_split);

static unsigned int __blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request_queue *q,
					     struct bio *bio,
					     bool no_sg_merge)
{
	struct bio_vec bv, bvprv = { NULL };
	int cluster, prev = 0;
	unsigned int seg_size, nr_phys_segs;
	struct bio *fbio, *bbio;
	struct bvec_iter iter;

	if (!bio)
		return 0;

	switch (bio_op(bio)) {
	case REQ_OP_DISCARD:
	case REQ_OP_SECURE_ERASE:
	case REQ_OP_WRITE_ZEROES:
		return 0;
	case REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME:
		return 1;
	}

	fbio = bio;
	cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q);
	seg_size = 0;
	nr_phys_segs = 0;
	for_each_bio(bio) {
		bio_for_each_segment(bv, bio, iter) {
			/*
			 * If SG merging is disabled, each bio vector is
			 * a segment
			 */
			if (no_sg_merge)
				goto new_segment;

			if (prev && cluster) {
				if (seg_size + bv.bv_len
				    > queue_max_segment_size(q))
					goto new_segment;
				if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&bvprv, &bv))
					goto new_segment;
				if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &bvprv, &bv))
					goto new_segment;

				seg_size += bv.bv_len;
				bvprv = bv;
				continue;
			}
new_segment:
			if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size >
			    fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
				fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;

			nr_phys_segs++;
			bvprv = bv;
			prev = 1;
			seg_size = bv.bv_len;
		}
		bbio = bio;
	}

	if (nr_phys_segs == 1 && seg_size > fbio->bi_seg_front_size)
		fbio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
	if (seg_size > bbio->bi_seg_back_size)
		bbio->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;

	return nr_phys_segs;
}

void blk_recalc_rq_segments(struct request *rq)
{
	bool no_sg_merge = !!test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE,
			&rq->q->queue_flags);

	rq->nr_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(rq->q, rq->bio,
			no_sg_merge);
}

void blk_recount_segments(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio)
{
	unsigned short seg_cnt;

	/* estimate segment number by bi_vcnt for non-cloned bio */
	if (bio_flagged(bio, BIO_CLONED))
		seg_cnt = bio_segments(bio);
	else
		seg_cnt = bio->bi_vcnt;

	if (test_bit(QUEUE_FLAG_NO_SG_MERGE, &q->queue_flags) &&
			(seg_cnt < queue_max_segments(q)))
		bio->bi_phys_segments = seg_cnt;
	else {
		struct bio *nxt = bio->bi_next;

		bio->bi_next = NULL;
		bio->bi_phys_segments = __blk_recalc_rq_segments(q, bio, false);
		bio->bi_next = nxt;
	}

	bio_set_flag(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_recount_segments);

static int blk_phys_contig_segment(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
				   struct bio *nxt)
{
	struct bio_vec end_bv = { NULL }, nxt_bv;

	if (!blk_queue_cluster(q))
		return 0;

	if (bio->bi_seg_back_size + nxt->bi_seg_front_size >
	    queue_max_segment_size(q))
		return 0;

	if (!bio_has_data(bio))
		return 1;

	bio_get_last_bvec(bio, &end_bv);
	bio_get_first_bvec(nxt, &nxt_bv);

	if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(&end_bv, &nxt_bv))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * bio and nxt are contiguous in memory; check if the queue allows
	 * these two to be merged into one
	 */
	if (BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, &end_bv, &nxt_bv))
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

static inline void
__blk_segment_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec *bvec,
		     struct scatterlist *sglist, struct bio_vec *bvprv,
		     struct scatterlist **sg, int *nsegs, int *cluster)
{

	int nbytes = bvec->bv_len;

	if (*sg && *cluster) {
		if ((*sg)->length + nbytes > queue_max_segment_size(q))
			goto new_segment;

		if (!BIOVEC_PHYS_MERGEABLE(bvprv, bvec))
			goto new_segment;
		if (!BIOVEC_SEG_BOUNDARY(q, bvprv, bvec))
			goto new_segment;

		(*sg)->length += nbytes;
	} else {
new_segment:
		if (!*sg)
			*sg = sglist;
		else {
			/*
			 * If the driver previously mapped a shorter
			 * list, we could see a termination bit
			 * prematurely unless it fully inits the sg
			 * table on each mapping. We KNOW that there
			 * must be more entries here or the driver
			 * would be buggy, so force clear the
			 * termination bit to avoid doing a full
			 * sg_init_table() in drivers for each command.
			 */
			sg_unmark_end(*sg);
			*sg = sg_next(*sg);
		}

		sg_set_page(*sg, bvec->bv_page, nbytes, bvec->bv_offset);
		(*nsegs)++;
	}
	*bvprv = *bvec;
}

static inline int __blk_bvec_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio_vec bv,
		struct scatterlist *sglist, struct scatterlist **sg)
{
	*sg = sglist;
	sg_set_page(*sg, bv.bv_page, bv.bv_len, bv.bv_offset);
	return 1;
}

static int __blk_bios_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct bio *bio,
			     struct scatterlist *sglist,
			     struct scatterlist **sg)
{
	struct bio_vec bvec, bvprv = { NULL };
	struct bvec_iter iter;
	int cluster = blk_queue_cluster(q), nsegs = 0;

	for_each_bio(bio)
		bio_for_each_segment(bvec, bio, iter)
			__blk_segment_map_sg(q, &bvec, sglist, &bvprv, sg,
					     &nsegs, &cluster);

	return nsegs;
}

/*
 * map a request to scatterlist, return number of sg entries setup. Caller
 * must make sure sg can hold rq->nr_phys_segments entries
 */
int blk_rq_map_sg(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
		  struct scatterlist *sglist)
{
	struct scatterlist *sg = NULL;
	int nsegs = 0;

	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_SPECIAL_PAYLOAD)
		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, rq->special_vec, sglist, &sg);
	else if (rq->bio && bio_op(rq->bio) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME)
		nsegs = __blk_bvec_map_sg(q, bio_iovec(rq->bio), sglist, &sg);
	else if (rq->bio)
		nsegs = __blk_bios_map_sg(q, rq->bio, sglist, &sg);

	if (unlikely(rq->rq_flags & RQF_COPY_USER) &&
	    (blk_rq_bytes(rq) & q->dma_pad_mask)) {
		unsigned int pad_len =
			(q->dma_pad_mask & ~blk_rq_bytes(rq)) + 1;

		sg->length += pad_len;
		rq->extra_len += pad_len;
	}

	if (q->dma_drain_size && q->dma_drain_needed(rq)) {
		if (op_is_write(req_op(rq)))
			memset(q->dma_drain_buffer, 0, q->dma_drain_size);

		sg_unmark_end(sg);
		sg = sg_next(sg);
		sg_set_page(sg, virt_to_page(q->dma_drain_buffer),
			    q->dma_drain_size,
			    ((unsigned long)q->dma_drain_buffer) &
			    (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
		nsegs++;
		rq->extra_len += q->dma_drain_size;
	}

	if (sg)
		sg_mark_end(sg);

	/*
	 * Something must have been wrong if the figured number of
	 * segment is bigger than number of req's physical segments
	 */
	WARN_ON(nsegs > blk_rq_nr_phys_segments(rq));

	return nsegs;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(blk_rq_map_sg);

static void req_set_nomerge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req)
{
	req->cmd_flags |= REQ_NOMERGE;
	if (req == q->last_merge)
		q->last_merge = NULL;
}

static inline int ll_new_hw_segment(struct request_queue *q,
				    struct request *req,
				    struct bio *bio)
{
	int nr_phys_segs = bio_phys_segments(q, bio);

	if (req->nr_phys_segments + nr_phys_segs > queue_max_segments(q))
		goto no_merge;

	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(q, req, bio) == false)
		goto no_merge;

	/*
	 * This will form the start of a new hw segment.  Bump both
	 * counters.
	 */
	req->nr_phys_segments += nr_phys_segs;
	return 1;

no_merge:
	req_set_nomerge(q, req);
	return 0;
}

int ll_back_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
		     struct bio *bio)
{
	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
		return 0;
	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
	    integrity_req_gap_back_merge(req, bio))
		return 0;
	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req))) {
		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
		return 0;
	}
	if (!bio_flagged(req->biotail, BIO_SEG_VALID))
		blk_recount_segments(q, req->biotail);
	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);

	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
}

int ll_front_merge_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
		      struct bio *bio)
{

	if (req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
		return 0;
	if (blk_integrity_rq(req) &&
	    integrity_req_gap_front_merge(req, bio))
		return 0;
	if (blk_rq_sectors(req) + bio_sectors(bio) >
	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)) {
		req_set_nomerge(q, req);
		return 0;
	}
	if (!bio_flagged(bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
		blk_recount_segments(q, bio);
	if (!bio_flagged(req->bio, BIO_SEG_VALID))
		blk_recount_segments(q, req->bio);

	return ll_new_hw_segment(q, req, bio);
}

/*
 * blk-mq uses req->special to carry normal driver per-request payload, it
 * does not indicate a prepared command that we cannot merge with.
 */
static bool req_no_special_merge(struct request *req)
{
	struct request_queue *q = req->q;

	return !q->mq_ops && req->special;
}

static int ll_merge_requests_fn(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
				struct request *next)
{
	int total_phys_segments;
	unsigned int seg_size =
		req->biotail->bi_seg_back_size + next->bio->bi_seg_front_size;

	/*
	 * First check if the either of the requests are re-queued
	 * requests.  Can't merge them if they are.
	 */
	if (req_no_special_merge(req) || req_no_special_merge(next))
		return 0;

	if (req_gap_back_merge(req, next->bio))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * Will it become too large?
	 */
	if ((blk_rq_sectors(req) + blk_rq_sectors(next)) >
	    blk_rq_get_max_sectors(req, blk_rq_pos(req)))
		return 0;

	total_phys_segments = req->nr_phys_segments + next->nr_phys_segments;
	if (blk_phys_contig_segment(q, req->biotail, next->bio)) {
		if (req->nr_phys_segments == 1)
			req->bio->bi_seg_front_size = seg_size;
		if (next->nr_phys_segments == 1)
			next->biotail->bi_seg_back_size = seg_size;
		total_phys_segments--;
	}

	if (total_phys_segments > queue_max_segments(q))
		return 0;

	if (blk_integrity_merge_rq(q, req, next) == false)
		return 0;

	/* Merge is OK... */
	req->nr_phys_segments = total_phys_segments;
	return 1;
}

/**
 * blk_rq_set_mixed_merge - mark a request as mixed merge
 * @rq: request to mark as mixed merge
 *
 * Description:
 *     @rq is about to be mixed merged.  Make sure the attributes
 *     which can be mixed are set in each bio and mark @rq as mixed
 *     merged.
 */
void blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(struct request *rq)
{
	unsigned int ff = rq->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK;
	struct bio *bio;

	if (rq->rq_flags & RQF_MIXED_MERGE)
		return;

	/*
	 * @rq will no longer represent mixable attributes for all the
	 * contained bios.  It will just track those of the first one.
	 * Distributes the attributs to each bio.
	 */
	for (bio = rq->bio; bio; bio = bio->bi_next) {
		WARN_ON_ONCE((bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) &&
			     (bio->bi_opf & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) != ff);
		bio->bi_opf |= ff;
	}
	rq->rq_flags |= RQF_MIXED_MERGE;
}

static void blk_account_io_merge(struct request *req)
{
	if (blk_do_io_stat(req)) {
		struct hd_struct *part;
		int cpu;

		cpu = part_stat_lock();
		part = req->part;

		part_round_stats(cpu, part);
		part_dec_in_flight(part, rq_data_dir(req));

		hd_struct_put(part);
		part_stat_unlock();
	}
}

/*
 * Has to be called with the request spinlock acquired
 */
static int attempt_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *req,
			  struct request *next)
{
	if (!rq_mergeable(req) || !rq_mergeable(next))
		return 0;

	if (req_op(req) != req_op(next))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * not contiguous
	 */
	if (blk_rq_pos(req) + blk_rq_sectors(req) != blk_rq_pos(next))
		return 0;

	if (rq_data_dir(req) != rq_data_dir(next)
	    || req->rq_disk != next->rq_disk
	    || req_no_special_merge(next))
		return 0;

	if (req_op(req) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(req->bio, next->bio))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * If we are allowed to merge, then append bio list
	 * from next to rq and release next. merge_requests_fn
	 * will have updated segment counts, update sector
	 * counts here.
	 */
	if (!ll_merge_requests_fn(q, req, next))
		return 0;

	/*
	 * If failfast settings disagree or any of the two is already
	 * a mixed merge, mark both as mixed before proceeding.  This
	 * makes sure that all involved bios have mixable attributes
	 * set properly.
	 */
	if (((req->rq_flags | next->rq_flags) & RQF_MIXED_MERGE) ||
	    (req->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK) !=
	    (next->cmd_flags & REQ_FAILFAST_MASK)) {
		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(req);
		blk_rq_set_mixed_merge(next);
	}

	/*
	 * At this point we have either done a back merge
	 * or front merge. We need the smaller start_time of
	 * the merged requests to be the current request
	 * for accounting purposes.
	 */
	if (time_after(req->start_time, next->start_time))
		req->start_time = next->start_time;

	req->biotail->bi_next = next->bio;
	req->biotail = next->biotail;

	req->__data_len += blk_rq_bytes(next);

	elv_merge_requests(q, req, next);

	/*
	 * 'next' is going away, so update stats accordingly
	 */
	blk_account_io_merge(next);

	req->ioprio = ioprio_best(req->ioprio, next->ioprio);
	if (blk_rq_cpu_valid(next))
		req->cpu = next->cpu;

	/* owner-ship of bio passed from next to req */
	next->bio = NULL;
	__blk_put_request(q, next);
	return 1;
}

int attempt_back_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
	struct request *next = elv_latter_request(q, rq);

	if (next)
		return attempt_merge(q, rq, next);

	return 0;
}

int attempt_front_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq)
{
	struct request *prev = elv_former_request(q, rq);

	if (prev)
		return attempt_merge(q, prev, rq);

	return 0;
}

int blk_attempt_req_merge(struct request_queue *q, struct request *rq,
			  struct request *next)
{
	struct elevator_queue *e = q->elevator;

	if (e->type->ops.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn)
		if (!e->type->ops.elevator_allow_rq_merge_fn(q, rq, next))
			return 0;

	return attempt_merge(q, rq, next);
}

bool blk_rq_merge_ok(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
{
	if (!rq_mergeable(rq) || !bio_mergeable(bio))
		return false;

	if (req_op(rq) != bio_op(bio))
		return false;

	/* different data direction or already started, don't merge */
	if (bio_data_dir(bio) != rq_data_dir(rq))
		return false;

	/* must be same device and not a special request */
	if (rq->rq_disk != bio->bi_bdev->bd_disk || req_no_special_merge(rq))
		return false;

	/* only merge integrity protected bio into ditto rq */
	if (blk_integrity_merge_bio(rq->q, rq, bio) == false)
		return false;

	/* must be using the same buffer */
	if (req_op(rq) == REQ_OP_WRITE_SAME &&
	    !blk_write_same_mergeable(rq->bio, bio))
		return false;

	return true;
}

int blk_try_merge(struct request *rq, struct bio *bio)
{
	if (blk_rq_pos(rq) + blk_rq_sectors(rq) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
		return ELEVATOR_BACK_MERGE;
	else if (blk_rq_pos(rq) - bio_sectors(bio) == bio->bi_iter.bi_sector)
		return ELEVATOR_FRONT_MERGE;
	return ELEVATOR_NO_MERGE;
}